Mass spectrometric comparison of swift heavy ion-induced and anaerobic thermal degradation of polymers

Lima, Vincent; Hossain, Umme Habiba; Walbert, Torsten; Seidl, Tim; Ensinger, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.10.024

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, in those experiments, it was common to use a pretreatment to promote the enzymatic attack of the PE. The proposed mechanism included the formation of free radicals from tertiary carbons, with the production of CH 4 and H 2 [ 59 ]. It was also shown that fungi could produce pits and erosions in plastics [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Quecholac-Piña

Consuelo

Consuelo³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Different degradable plastics have been promoted as a solution for the accumulation of waste in landfills and the natural environment; in Mexico, the most popular options are oxo-degradable, which degrade in a sequential abiotic–biotic process, and compostable plastics. In this research, high-density polyethylene, oxo-degradable high-density polyethylene, and certified compostable plastic were exposed to simulated landfill conditions in an 854-day-long experiment to assess their degradation. High-density polyethylene showed limited degradation, due mainly to surface erosion, evidenced by a 13% decrease in elongation at break. The pro-oxidant additive in the oxo-degradable plastic increased this loss of mechanical properties to 27%. However, both plastic films kept their physical integrity and high molecular weight by the end of the experiment, evidencing degradation but no biodegradation. While the compostable film fragmented, had a lower molecular weight at the end of the experiment, and decreased the presence of C=O bonds, this degradation took place remarkably slower than expected from a composting process. Results show that oxo-degradable and compostable plastics will not biodegrade readily in landfills. This fact should be known and understood for decision-makers to match the characteristics of the materials to the features of the waste management systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Quecholac-Piña

Consuelo

Consuelo³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…43 Generally, the attack of free radical on PE produces methane and hydrogen gas under UV and visible-light irradiation. 44 UV light (400−290 nm) determines the life of MPs in outdoor applications while UV quanta have energies from 3.1 to 4.3 eV according to 72−97 kcal/mol, suggesting that they have energy for chemical bond breakage. Thermal decomposition of PE does not take place at a temperature below 100 °C without sunlight, whereas the role of photo-oxidation is to initiate the chain reactions (Figure 1b1).…”

Section: Natural Degradation Mechanism Of Microplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PE may comprise a small number of unsaturated bonds that are oxidized by O 3 , NOx, or other radicals, transforming it into a stable carbonyl group . Generally, the attack of free radical on PE produces methane and hydrogen gas under UV and visible-light irradiation . UV light (400–290 nm) determines the life of MPs in outdoor applications while UV quanta have energies from 3.1 to 4.3 eV according to 72–97 kcal/mol, suggesting that they have energy for chemical bond breakage.…”

Section: Natural Degradation Mechanism Of Microplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and the Engineering Approaches for the Degradation of Microplastics

2021

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Microplastic waste is an emerging global issue due to its environmental effect of accumulation in ecosystems, and waste managing systems have given rise to its presence in the aquatic environment. It is gaining attention due to its persistent nature and potential adverse effects on living organisms. There is an urgent need for the development of efficient degradation methods for microplastic (MP) treatment. In this review, a comprehensive overview of current methods for the degradation of MPs, such as biological, photo, chemical, and mechanical degradation have been summarized and discussed in detail. All the fundamental mechanisms of MP degradation in the natural environment are linked with remediation approaches to accelerate these mechanisms that occur in nature. Decomposition efficiency with the applied system’s limitations has also been mentioned. Furthermore, the current knowledge gaps about MP decomposition, and future research directions are proposed. This work offers a summary of current degradation methods for MP decomposition and provides a reference for the control of MP pollution.

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“…This is typical in MO thin film processing where N incorporation is difficult. [59][60][61] Unique is the case of PAA. Although this polymer is thermally labile, as seen by TGA, both the film C and N content remains very large, again with the reduction of N versus the theoretical value being greater (≈4×) than that of C (only ≈10%).…”

Section: In 2 O 3 :Polymer Blend Films Microstructure and Chemical Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping Indium Oxide Films with Amino‐Polymers of Varying Nitrogen Content Markedly Affects Charge Transport and Mechanical Flexibility

Wang

Zhuang

Wang

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Here, correlations between polymer structure and charge transport in solution‐processed indium oxide, In2O3:polymer blend flexible thin film transistors (TFTs) are investigated using four polymers having electron‐donating amine functionalities (polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(allylamine), polyethyleneimine ethoxylated (PEIE), and PVP‐NH2 (PVP; poly(4‐vinylphenol)), and two PEI‐PEIE mixtures) with varied atomic amine nitrogen content (N%) of 12.6, 9.1, 6.9, 2.6, respectively. These amino‐polymers influence the semiconducting oxide film TFT electron mobilities via a delicate interplay of electron transfer/doping, charge generation/trap‐filling, film morphological/microstructural variations, which depend on the polymer structure, thermal stability, and N%, as well as the polymer content of the In2O3 precursor and the carbon residue content in In2O3. Thus, increasing the N% from 0.0% in the control PVP to 12.6% in PEI increases the electron doping capacity, the polymer content of the blend formulation, and the blend TFT field‐effect mobility. Optimal polymer incorporation invariably enhances charge transport by as much as ≈2×, leading to a maximum carrier mobility of 8.47 ± 0.73 cm2 V−1 s−1 on rigid Si/SiOx substrates and a remarkable 31.24 ± 0.41 cm2 V−1 s−1 on mechanically flexible polyimide/Au/F:AlOx substrates with Al contacts. Furthermore, all of the polymers equally enhance the mechanical durability of the corresponding In2O3:polymer blend TFTs with respect to mechanical stress.

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Mass spectrometric comparison of swift heavy ion-induced and anaerobic thermal degradation of polymers

Abstract: Mass spectrometric comparison of swift heavy ion-induced and anaerobic thermal degradation of polymers, Radiation Physics and Chemistry,

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Mechanisms and the Engineering Approaches for the Degradation of Microplastics

Doping Indium Oxide Films with Amino‐Polymers of Varying Nitrogen Content Markedly Affects Charge Transport and Mechanical Flexibility

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