Mass SARS-CoV-2 serological screening for the Principality of Andorra

Royo-Cebrecos, Cristina; Vilanova, David; López, Joel; Arroyo, Vanessa; Francisco, Guillem; Pons, Marc; Carrasco, Mireia G.; Piqué, Josep M.; Sanz, Sergi; Dobaño, Carlota; García‐Basteiro, Alberto L.

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-119323/v1

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…73 Results 73 suggest an IFR less than half of what sampling surveys with greater missingness have inferred in neighbouring Spain. Moreover, high seroreversion was noted, even a few weeks apart 73 ; thus, IFR may be even lower. Differences exist also within a country; for example within the USA, IFR differs markedly in disadvantaged New Orleans districts versus affluent Silicon Valley areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…One European country (Andorra) tested for antibodies 91% of its population 73 . Results 73 suggest an IFR less than half of what sampling surveys with greater missingness have inferred in neighbouring Spain. Moreover, high seroreversion was noted, even a few weeks apart 73 ; thus, IFR may be even lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Within Europe, IFR estimates were probably substantially higher in the first wave in countries like Spain, 67 UK 68 and Belgium 69 and lower in countries such as Cyprus or Faroe Islands (~0.15%, even case fatality rate is very low), 70 Finland (~0.15%) 71 and Iceland (~0.3%) 72 . One European country (Andorra) tested for antibodies 91% of its population 73 . Results 73 suggest an IFR less than half of what sampling surveys with greater missingness have inferred in neighbouring Spain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID‐19: An overview of systematic evaluations

Ioannidis

2021

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background: Estimates of community spread and infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 have varied across studies. Efforts to synthesize the evidence reach seemingly discrepant conclusions. Methods: Systematic evaluations of seroprevalence studies that had no restrictions based on country and which estimated either total number of people infected and/or aggregate IFRs were identified. Information was extracted and compared on eligibility criteria, searches, amount of evidence included, corrections/adjustments of seroprevalence and death counts, quantitative syntheses and handling of heterogeneity, main estimates and global representativeness. Results: Six systematic evaluations were eligible. Each combined data from 10 to 338 studies (9-50 countries), because of different eligibility criteria. Two evaluations Highlights SUPPORTING INFORMATION Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section. How to cite this article: Ioannidis JPA. Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID-19: An overview of systematic evaluations. Eur

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID‐19: An overview of systematic evaluations

Ioannidis

2021

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…The degree to which the COVID-19 pandemic is spreading through different countries or regions may be assessed through population-based seroprevalence studies, which aim to quantify the proportion of the population that has developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Such studies have to date been performed in a number of countries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Denmark 2020: results from nationwide, population-based sero-epidemiological surveys

Espenhain

Tribler

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background. Seroprevalence studies have proven an important tool to monitor the progression of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) epidemic. We present results of consecutive population-based seroprevalence surveys performed in Denmark in 2020. Methods. Invitation letters including a questionnaire covering symptoms were sent to representatively drawn samples of the population in spring, late summer and autumn/winter of 2020. Blood samples from participants taken at public test-centers were analyzed for total Ig and seroprevalence estimates per population segment calculated and compared to other surveillance parameters. Results. From 34,081 participating individuals (response rate 33%), we obtained seroprevalence estimates increasing from 1.1% (95%CI: 0.7%–1.7) in May to 4.0 % (95%CI: 3.4%–4.7%) in December 2020. By December 2020, 1.5% of the population 12 years and older had tested positive by PCR. Seroprevalence estimates were roughly 3 times higher in those aged 12–29 compared to 65+ and higher in metropolitan municipalities. Among seropositives, loss of taste/smell were the more specific symptoms, 32%–56% did not report any symptoms. In half of seroconverted families, we did not see evidence of transmission between generations. Infected individuals in older age groups were hospitalized several fold more often than in younger. Conclusions. Seroprevalence increased during 2020; younger age groups were primarily infected in the autumn/winter surge. Approximately half were asymptomatically infected. Denmark has a high per capita test rate; roughly two undiagnosed infections of COVID–19 were estimated to occur for each diagnosed case. The epidemic appears to have progressed relatively modestly during 2020 in Denmark.

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“…Additional information was obtained from authors and agencies on four studies for seroprevalence data (26,29,34,46); three studies for mortality data (25,26,29); two studies for population data (25,26); and five excluded studies (clarifying non-eligibility).…”

Section: Additional Data Contributedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in community-dwelling populations with emphasis on the elderly: An overview

Axfors

Ioannidis

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThe infection fatality rate (IFR) of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) varies widely according to age and residence status.PurposeEstimate the IFR of COVID-19 in community-dwelling elderly populations and other age groups from seroprevalence studies. Study protocol: https://osf.io/47cgb.Data SourcesSeroprevalence studies done in 2020 and identified by any of four existing systematic reviews.Study SelectionSARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies with ≥1000 participants aged ≥70 years that presented seroprevalence in elderly people; aimed to generate samples reflecting the general population; and whose location had available data on cumulative COVID-19 deaths in elderly (primary cutoff ≥70 years; ≥65 or ≥60 also eligible).Data ExtractionWe extracted the most fully adjusted (if unavailable, unadjusted) seroprevalence estimates and sampling procedure details. We also extracted age- and residence-stratified cumulative COVID-19 deaths (until 1 week after the seroprevalence sampling midpoint) from official reports, and population statistics, to calculate IFRs corrected for unmeasured antibody types. Sample size-weighted IFRs were estimated for countries with multiple estimates. Secondary analyses examined data on younger age strata from the same studies.Data SynthesisTwenty-three seroprevalence surveys representing 14 countries were included. Across all countries, the median IFR in community-dwelling elderly and elderly overall was 2.4% (range 0.3%-7.2%) and 5.5% (range 0.3%-12.1%). IFR was higher with larger proportions of people >85 years. Younger age strata had low IFR values (median 0.0027%, 0.014%, 0.031%, 0.082%, 0.27%, and 0.59%, at 0-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-69 years).LimitationsBiases in seroprevalence and mortality data.ConclusionsThe IFR of COVID-19 in community-dwelling elderly people is lower than previously reported. Very low IFRs were confirmed in the youngest populations.

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Mass SARS-CoV-2 serological screening for the Principality of Andorra

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID‐19: An overview of systematic evaluations

Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID‐19: An overview of systematic evaluations

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Denmark 2020: results from nationwide, population-based sero-epidemiological surveys

Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in community-dwelling populations with emphasis on the elderly: An overview

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