Mass-production of single-wall carbon nanotubes by arc discharge method11This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 29671030.

Shi, Zujin; Lian, Yongfu; Zhou, Xuhao; Gu, Zhennan; Zhang, Yuegang; Iijima, Sumio; Zhou, Lixia; Yue, Kwok To; Zhang, Shulin

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(99)00007-x

Cited by 209 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…SWNTs were produced by a direct current arc-discharge method with Y-Ni alloy as the catalyst [23] and purified using the method of oxidation in air [24]. The nanotubes had a typical distribution of the diameters 1.1 to 1.4 nm as determined from transmission electron microscope [25]. Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin (5 wt% solution in a mixture of lower aliphatic alcohols and water) was obtained from Aldrich.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Phenolic Compounds Based on the Tyrosinase‐ Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Sensor

Zhao

Guan

et al. 2005

Electroanalysis

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An amperometric sensor to phenolic compound was successfully constructed by immobilizing tyrosinase on the SWNTs modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode, which was covered with Nafion film. The sensitivity of the tyrosinaseSWNTs sensor to phenol was 155 mA/mM. The tyrosinase-SWNTs sensor also had good response to catechol, pchlorophenol and m-cresol. Furthermore, benzoic acid could be detected based on the inhibition to tyrosinase activity.Keywords: Tyrosinase, Carbon nanotubes, Modified electrode, Sensors, Phenol Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [1], attractive nanomaterials with specific electronic, chemical, and mechanical properties, have had many applications in the field of material science, chemistry and physics [2,3]. As electrode materials, CNTs can facilitate electron-transfer between the electroacitve species and electrode, and provide a new avenue for fabricating chemical sensors or biosensors [4,5]. Now, more reports of CNTs-based sensors have been demonstrated [6 -14]. These sensors can be used to detect small molecules and bio-macromolecules, such as H 2 O 2 , NADH, glucose, proteins and DNA etc., based on the electronic properties [6 -9] or the electrochemical properties of the CNTs [10 -14]. Electrochemical sensors of CNTs give high sensitivity and good stability, and the electrochemical sensor has advantages such as simple in making, cheap in application and easy in operating.Tyrosinase is a type (III) copper protein and is widely distributed in microorganisms, plants and animals [15]. It catalyzes the orthohydroxylation of monophenols (monophenolase activity) by O 2 , and can also catalyze the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones (catecholase activity). The mechanism of amperometric biosensor for phenols based on tyrosinase is that the tyrosinase at the surface of the electrode is oxidized by oxygen, and then reduced by phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds mainly convert into quinones, and the products are electrochemically active, can be reduced on the electrode. The reduction current is proportional to the concentration of phenolic compounds in solution.Detection of phenolic compounds is of great importance due to their presence in a broad range of chemical manufacturing processes and their toxicity. Amperometric sensor is simple, effective and fast. Based on the immobilized tyrosinase, amperometric sensors to detect phenolic compounds have been widely carried out [15 -16] By now, there is no report for the detection of phenolic compounds using CNTs as the enzyme support material. In this paper, tyrosinase-SWNTs modified GC electrode covered with Nafion was fabricated successfully as an amperometric sensor to phenolic compounds. Due to SWNTs having high conductivity, high surface area and facilitation of electron transfer, the sensor gave a high sensitivity as 155 mA/mM, and the detection limit was as low as 2 Â 10 À8 M. The sensor also showed good sensitivity to catechol, p-chlorophenol and m-cresol. Based on the inhibition to tyrosinase activity, the benzoic acid could be detected by...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Phenolic Compounds Based on the Tyrosinase‐ Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Sensor

Zhao

Guan

et al. 2005

Electroanalysis

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“…Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were prepared by a direct-current arc-discharge method 12 and purified to > 90%. 13 They were then refluxed for 10 h in concentrated HNO3 to cause segmentation and carboxylation.…”

Section: Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric Determination of Tinidazole Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Yang

2004

ANAL. SCI.

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“…Common production methods for these versatile materials is by chemical vapour deposition [6], arc-discharge [7,8] and laser vaporisation [9], in the presence of a metal catalyst. Both of these production methods result in a final product containing impurities, and since high purity nanotubes are essential for final applications in, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Yaya

Ewels

Wagner

et al. 2011

Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. We present a study of purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using different oxidation temperatures and chemical treatments. We have developed a simple two annealing-steps procedure resulting in high nanotube purity with minimal sample loss. The process involves annealing the SWCNTs at 300 • C for 2 h with subsequent reflux in 6 M HCl at 130 • C, followed by further annealing at 350 • C for 1 h with reflux in 6 M HCl at 130 • C. The process results in effective removal of carbon impurities and metal particles which are associated with SWCNTs production. The process is less time consuming (complete in 4.5 h) than conventional acid purification methods which require over 5 h, and less destructive than conventional methods with a yield of 26%. SWCNT purity was assessed using Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

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Mass-production of single-wall carbon nanotubes by arc discharge method11This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 29671030.

Cited by 209 publications

References 14 publications

Determination of Phenolic Compounds Based on the Tyrosinase‐ Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Sensor

Determination of Phenolic Compounds Based on the Tyrosinase‐ Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Sensor

Voltammetric Determination of Tinidazole Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes

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