Mass Gatherings

Aljohani, Majed; Kennedy, Katharyn E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-28665-7.00202-8

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…[ 24 ] Every 10° increase in the temperature index triples the number of patients in every 10,000 participants. [ 7 , 25 , 26 ] The results of the research do not confirm this data. Events in cold weather generally have less patient application rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Events in cold weather generally have less patient application rates. [ 7 ] Zeitz et al[ 27 ] found a significant relationship between maximum daily temperature and patient applications. [ 28 ] In the research conducted in Singapore Formula 1 Races (2009–2012), no relationship between the temperature and PPR was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 20 ] Typically, rock concerts have 2.5 times more health-care use than other concerts. [ 7 ] Situations that require surgical interventions might occur due to falls, aggression, contusions between barriers, and “thrown objects” that cause head trauma. The rate of severe traumas in commonly performed rock concerts is shown as 1.4/10,000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of severe traumas in commonly performed rock concerts is shown as 1.4/10,000. [ 7 ] There should be medical rescue teams who are particularly trained for particular injuries expected to happen according to the type of sports events. [ 21 ] Medical rescue teams should be physically, psychologically, and technically ready in a perfect way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Trauma Cases in Different Types of Mass Gathering Events

Koçak¹

2021

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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BACKGROUND: There are several factors affecting trauma cases in mass gatherings (MG). Event type, mood of the crowd, age, gender and educational background are among these factors. It is to identify the relationship between the event types of trauma cases and temperature variables observed in MG. METHODS: It is a descriptive epidemiological study. The universe of the research consists of 112 emergency medical service records (ambulance) in organizations such as Çanakkale Victory and Martyrs’ Memorial Day (ÇVMMD), Zeytinli Rock Fest, Deaflympics, and European Youth Olympic Winter Festival (EYOF). For the statistical evaluations of the study, frequency analysis, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. RESULTS: Within the scope of the research, 474 emergency medical service cases were examined. About 49.5% (n=235) of the cases took place at the DEAFOLIMPICS. About 57.6% (n=273) of the cases are male. The age average of the cases is 30.3±16.5 (Min: 0, Max: 92). When the pre-diagnosis range at the ÇVMMD is examined, it is seen that 27.7% (n=20) of the cases are trauma cases while 72.2% (n=52) are non-trauma cases. Among the trauma cases, the most frequently observed ones are soft-tissue trauma, multi-trauma, lower limb injury, and head trauma. When the other cases are examined, the most common ones are angina pectoris, nausea-vomiting, asthma, and ache. In the research, 38.3% (n=90) of the cases at the DEAFOLIMPICS are trauma cases, while 61.7% (n=145) are non-trauma cases. While the trauma cases mostly consist of soft-tissue injury and lower limb injury, the non-trauma cases include nausea-vomiting and upper respiratory infections. While the trauma cases were caused by multi-trauma, sharp object injury, soft-tissue injury, and head trauma, the pre-diagnosis of the non-trauma cases mainly included mental confusion and behavioral disorder due to use of alcohol; conversion; behavioral changes due to use of substance and drug use; hypotension; and allergic reaction. CONCLUSION: As a consequence of the logistic regression modeling, the trauma cases were found to be 1.6 times (p<0.05) higher in men than women and 9.5 times more in those who participated in the EYOF event than those who participated in the ÇVMMD event (p<0.05).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Trauma Cases in Different Types of Mass Gathering Events

Koçak¹

2021

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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“…In one such event in Johannesburg, South Africa, tear gas was deployed during a soccer match in 2001 to disperse overcrowding, but led to a stampede resulting in 43 deaths and 250 injured. 11 More recently in October 2022, a stampede of agitated spectators dispersed with tear gas following a soccer match loss at an Indonesian stadium led to 130 deaths. 12 The management of traumatic asphyxia relies on timely airway and respiratory support; in the event of mass casualties with this injury, first responders and emergency clinicians may be significantly engaged in individual care, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrorist Attacks against Sports Venues: Emerging Trends and Characteristics Spanning 50 Years

Rahman

Jasani

Liang

2023

Prehosp. Disaster med.

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Introduction: Sports venues foster community and support local economies. Due to their capacity to host hundreds to thousands of spectators, sports venues are vulnerable to becoming targets of terrorism. Types of venues targeted, regional trends, and methods of attack employed world-wide have not been well-described. Methods: A search of the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) was conducted from 1970 through the end of 2019. Pre-coded variables for target type “business” and target subtype “entertainment/cultural/stadium/casino” were used to identify attacks involving venues where sports events might be viewed by spectators as part of an audience. Sports venues were specifically identified using the search terms “sport,” “stadium,” ”arena,” and “ring,” as well as mention of any specific sport. Two authors then manually reviewed each entry for specific information to confirm appropriateness for inclusion, selecting preferentially for attacks against venues where watching a sports event was the primary focus for the majority of the attendees. Descriptive statistics were performed using R (3.6.1). Results: Seventy-four (74) terrorist attacks targeting sports venues were identified from January 1, 1970 through December 31, 2019. Thirty-three (33) attacks, or 44.6% of attacks, involved soccer stadiums or soccer venues, while 33.8% of attacks (25 attacks) involved unspecified sports venues. A bombing or explosion was the most frequent method of attack employed, comprising 87.8% of attacks. The highest number of attacks occurred in the Middle East & North Africa. In total, 213 persons died and 699 more were wounded in attacks against sports venues. Conclusion: Although terrorist attacks against sports venues are uncommon, they carry the risk of mass casualties, especially when explosives are used. A greater understanding of the threat posed by terrorist attacks against sports venues can aid emergency preparedness planning and future medical responses.

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Mass Gatherings

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of Trauma Cases in Different Types of Mass Gathering Events

Evaluation of Trauma Cases in Different Types of Mass Gathering Events

Terrorist Attacks against Sports Venues: Emerging Trends and Characteristics Spanning 50 Years

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