Mass-based metabolomic analysis of soybean sprouts during germination

Gu, Eun-Ji; Kim, Dong Wook; Jang, Gwang-Ju; Song, Seong Hwa; Lee, Jae-In; Lee, Sang Bong; Kim, Bomin; Cho, Yeongrae; Lee, Hyeon-Jeong; Kim, Hyun‐Jin

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.113

Cited by 87 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Similar results were also shown in soybean, rice and barley germination, with transcripts encoding components involved in starch and sucrose, glycolysis, and TCA cycle being upregulated from 6-HAI to 3-DAI 21,25,26 , following by a relative stable level. At the same time, the accumulation of monosaccharides and consumption of raffinose and citrate also revealed similarities with metabolomic analysis of soybean during germination 27 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolic Framework for Carbon Metabolism and Plant Hormones Regulation in Vigna radiata during Post-Germination Seedling Growth

Wang

Guo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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During mung bean post-germination seedling growth, various metabolic and physiological changes occurred, leading to the improvement of its nutritional values. Here, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of mung bean samples from 6-hour, 3-day and 6-day after imbibition (6-HAI, 3-DAI, and 6-DAI) were performed to characterize the regulatory mechanism of the primary metabolites during the postgermination seedling growth. From 6-HAI to 3-DAI, rapid changes in transcript level occurred, including starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis, citrate cycle, amino acids synthesis, and plant hormones regulation. Later changes in the metabolites, including carbohydrates and amino acids, appeared to be driven by increases in transcript levels. During this process, most amino acids and monosaccharides kept increasing, and accumulated in 6-day germinated sprouts. These processes were also accompanied with changes in hormones including abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, etc. overall, these results will provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the primary metabolic regulation in mung bean during post-germination seedling growth. Mung bean (Vigna radiata), a protein-rich leguminous food crop with short growth cycle (70-90 days), is cultivated in China, India, Southeast Asia, Central Africa, and North America. As a nutritional and healthy ingredient, mung bean is widely consumed in cuisine, such as soups and congee, in cakes and noodles, and in miscellaneous snacks. It is also used to alleviate heat stress and regulate gastrointestinal upset in traditional medicine 1. Recent studies have explored its diversified bioactivities. For example, mung bean protein has been proved to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat fed mice 2. Hypoglycaemic activity has been reported in mung bean coat and extract in rodents 3,4 , which might be contributed by inositol and phenolic content 5,6. The nutritional and medicinal qualities of the mung bean is enhanced by germination due to a spectrum of significant changes in metabolites 1. Germination is a complex process with various metabolic and physiological changes, which commences with imbibition and terminated with the elongation of the embryonic axis 7. During germination, macromolecular substances such as polysaccharides, proteins and lipid stored in the seeds are degraded into small active compounds, accompanied with energy production. Studies have demonstrated that this process was regulated by the interaction of phytohormones, such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), jasmonic acid (JA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), etc 8-10. Recent studies have shown that mung bean sprouts offer more free amino acids, organic acids, monosaccharides, vitamins, and phytochemicals compared with mung bean 1,11-13. The variation in metabolites during mung

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolic Framework for Carbon Metabolism and Plant Hormones Regulation in Vigna radiata during Post-Germination Seedling Growth

Wang

Guo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…[22] In particular, germination contributed to increase the amount of isoflavone aglycones, B soyasaponins, phytosterols, inositol metabolites, antioxidants, and amino acids in soybeans. [23] Lopez-Amoros reported that the germination process of beans, peas, and lentils modified their phenolic composition. Peas and beans undergo a significant increase in antioxidant activity after germination, whereas lentils show a decrease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and determination of isoflavones in germinated black soybean sprouts by UHPLC−Q-TOF-MS mass spectrometry and HPLC-DAD

Ren

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

International Journal of Food Properties

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Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC−Q-TOF-MS) and HPLC-DAD with an ultrasonic extraction method was developed for qualitative and quantitative compositions and contents in black soybean sprouts. Operational conditions of ultrasonic extraction were optimized by single-factor experiment. Phytochemical compositions of black soybean sprouts were identified by UHPLC−Q-TOF-MS in positive ion mode. A total of 23 compounds were tentatively characterized and identified by means of accurate mass and characteristic fragment ions. Among of them, the six isoflavones in different germinated black soybean sprouts were further quantified by HPLC-DAD. The results indicated that the calibration curves showed good linearity (r 2 > 0.9994). The intra-day and inter-day precision variations were less than 1.65% and 1.73%, respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 94.95-106.45%. The results indicated that the maximum amounts of isoflavones were produced on the fourth to fifth day germinated black soybean sprouts.

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“…In germinating yellow lupin seeds, the concentration of d-pinitol decreased during the first 2 days of germination, and an increase in d-chiro-inositol (a product of d-pinitol demethylation) was noted (Zalewski et al 2007). In germinating seeds of soybean (Gu et al 2017), yellow lupin (Górecki et al 1997) and winter vetch (Lahuta and Górecki 2011), the concentration of d-pinitol increased due to the degradation of galactosyl pinitols. However, high differences in concentrations of d-pinitol occur between species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence and accumulation of d-pinitol in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.)

et al. 2018

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This article presents changes in concentrations of d-pinitol (and other cyclitols as well as low molecular weight carbohydrates) in vegetative and reproductive organs of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) during an entire plant growing period. d-Pinitol was the major cyclitol in all tested organs, representing 43-94% of total cyclitols and 2-77% of total soluble carbohydrates. The highest concentration of d-pinitol was found in pods (14-23 mg g −1 of dry weight, DW), lower in leaves and stems (5-20 and 9-10 mg g −1 DW, respectively), and the lowest in maturing seeds (2-5 mg g −1 DW). Although maturing seeds accumulate α-d-galactosides of d-pinitol (galactosyl pinitols, up to 6.6 mg g −1 DW), the major storage sugars were raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs, 65.37 mg g −1 DW). Both RFOs and galactosyl pinitols are hydrolyzed during seed germination, releasing sucrose and d-pinitol, respectively. Accumulation of free galactose was not detected. Owing to the high concentration of d-pinitol (up to 23.70 mg g −1 DW) and low concentration of soluble sugars, developing pods seem to be the best source of d-pinitol.

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Mass-based metabolomic analysis of soybean sprouts during germination

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolic Framework for Carbon Metabolism and Plant Hormones Regulation in Vigna radiata during Post-Germination Seedling Growth

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolic Framework for Carbon Metabolism and Plant Hormones Regulation in Vigna radiata during Post-Germination Seedling Growth

Identification and determination of isoflavones in germinated black soybean sprouts by UHPLC−Q-TOF-MS mass spectrometry and HPLC-DAD

The occurrence and accumulation of d-pinitol in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.)

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