Masculinity, Moral Atmosphere, and Moral Functioning of High School Football Players

Steinfeldt, Jesse A.; Rutkowski, Leslie; Vaughan, Ellen L.; Steinfeldt, Matthew C.

doi:10.1123/jsep.33.2.215

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This framework has been previously replicated to examine on-field moral functioning with high school football players (Steinfeldt, Rutkowski, Vaughan, & Steinfeldt, 2011), and it was further adapted to assess bullying behaviors and attitudes among high school football players in this current study. For this model assessing the moral functioning and moral atmosphere variables, Through consultation with football coaches, school administrators, and psychologists, the four scenarios in this measure were revised to reflect potential bullying scenarios that a high school student might encounter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying among adolescent football players: Role of masculinity and moral atmosphere.

Steinfeldt¹,

Vaughan²,

LaFollette³

et al. 2012

Psychology of Men & Masculinity

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Identifying practices of masculinity socialization that contribute to the establishment of gender privilege can help address violence and bullying in schools (Connell, 1996). Because the sport of football is considered an important contributor to masculinity construction, establishing peer networks, and creating hierarchies of student status, this study examined the influence of social norms (i.e., moral atmosphere, meanings of adolescent masculinity) on bullying beliefs and behaviors of 206 high school football players. Results demonstrated that moral atmosphere (Peer Influence, Influential Male Figure) and adherence to male role norms significantly predicted bullying, but the strongest predictor was the perception of whether the most influential male in a player's life would approve of the bullying behavior. In addition to prevention interventions highlighting the role of influential men and masculinity norms in this process, implications for practice suggest that football players can use their peer influence and status as center sport participants to create a school culture that does not tolerate bullying.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying among adolescent football players: Role of masculinity and moral atmosphere.

Steinfeldt¹,

Vaughan²,

LaFollette³

et al. 2012

Psychology of Men & Masculinity

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The moral climate of sports teams could provide the base for moral judgments and related behavior of the team members. Numerous studies have shown that collective team, coach, parent, spectator, and club norms are related to the moral functioning and behavior of individual team members (Arthur-Banning et al 2009; Guivernau and Duda 2002; Steinfeldt et al 2011; Stephens et al 1997). For example, Stephens and Bredemeier (1996) found that reported likelihood of team members to act aggressively was higher when young football players believed that other team members would play unfairly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Moral Climate of Sports and the Moral Behavior of Young Athletes: A Multilevel Meta-analysis

Spruit

Kavussanu

Smit

et al. 2018

J Youth Adolescence

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Sports are among the most important leisure activities for youth and adolescents. Both positive (i.e., prosocial) and negative (i.e., antisocial) moral behaviors occur on the playing field. To stimulate positive sports experiences, it is important to understand which factors are related to the moral behavior of young athletes; one of these is the moral climate, that is, the socio-moral environment in which sports take place. Little is known about the overall strength of the relationship between moral climate and moral behavior of young athletes, as well as the potential moderating factors of this relationship. A meta-analysis of 27 studies containing 117 effect sizes and N = 7726 young athletes (age < 18 years) was conducted. The results show that there is an overall significant association between these two variables ( r = 0.40), indicating that a prosocial moral climate is related to less antisocial and more prosocial behavior, while an antisocial moral climate is associated with more antisocial and less prosocial behavior of young athletes. Two study characteristics significantly moderated this relationship: specifically, stronger associations were found in cross-sectional and in older studies. In addition, the strength of the association between moral climate and moral behavior was stronger for antisocial moral climate compared to prosocial moral climate. Finally, associations for team members were stronger than those of coaches or a broad moral club climate. Implications for further research and sports practice are discussed.

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“…Looking at personal determinants that are discussed and studied in the literature, the gender, competition level, and age of the respondent are some of the most likely variables to have an influence on their moral intentions (Miller et al, 2005; Shields et al, 2007; Romand et al, 2009; Mouratidou, 2017). The importance of gender differences has been identified in previous research (Sage and Kavussanu, 2007; Steinfeldt et al, 2011). In particular, it has been indicated that males report more unsportpersonship behavior compared to females (see Shields et al, 2007), while males also score higher in terms of aggressive tendencies (see Bredemeier, 1985).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Moreover, Guivernau and Duda (2002) have also indicated that males are more inclined to cheat than females, at a point when the game or match might be lost. Finally, gender role conflict – tensions as a consequence of dominant gender role expectations – has been indicated as another potential determinant of moral functioning (Steinfeldt et al, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Badminton Players’ Moral Intentions: A Factorial Survey Study Into Personal and Contextual Determinants

et al. 2019

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Improving and maintaining high ethical standards among athletes is a major challenge in sports, which requires sufficient knowledge on athletes’ moral intentions. This study advances our knowledge on athletes’ moral intentions by examining the personal and contextual determinants (factors) that influence moral intentions of badminton players. In a factorial survey study, a total of 171 participants were asked to respond to scenarios describing moral dilemmas in the context of badminton. This approach allows combining advantages from both classical experiments and survey methods, enabling the determination of the underlying principles of the judgments and intentions of respondents. Multilevel analysis indicated that intention to engage in the described behavior was impacted by both the act and the gender of the subject. This study complements previous research on athletes’ moral intentions by the advanced method of factorial survey, while supporting the development of more specific approaches in the promotion of ethical behavior in sports.

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Masculinity, Moral Atmosphere, and Moral Functioning of High School Football Players

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Bullying among adolescent football players: Role of masculinity and moral atmosphere.

Bullying among adolescent football players: Role of masculinity and moral atmosphere.

The Relationship between Moral Climate of Sports and the Moral Behavior of Young Athletes: A Multilevel Meta-analysis

Badminton Players’ Moral Intentions: A Factorial Survey Study Into Personal and Contextual Determinants

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