Marvel Analysis of the Measured High-resolution Rovibronic Spectra of ⁹⁰Zr¹⁶O

Abstract

Zirconium oxide (ZrO) is an important astrophysical molecule that defines the S-star classification class for cool giant stars. Accurate, empirical rovibronic energy levels, with associated labels and uncertainties, are reported for nine low-lying electronic states of the diatomic molecule. These 8088 empirical energy levels are determined using the Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels algorithm with 23,317 input assigned transition frequencies, 22,549 of which were validated during this study. A temperature-dependent partition function is presented alongside updated spectroscopic constants for the nine low-lying electronic states.

The 2020 release of the ExoMol database: Molecular line lists for exoplanet and other hot atmospheres

“…Table 18 lists the astronomically important molecules for which MARVEL studies have been completed. We note that a number of these studies [199,230,235,273,282] have been performed as part of the so-called ORBYTS schools outreach project, see Sousa-Silva et al [283] for a discussion of this. We are in the process of working through all the molecules in the ExoMol database running MARVEL projects for those isotopologues for which there are enough high accuracy laboratory data available to justify this activity.…”

Original Research By Young Twinkle Students (ORBYTS): Ephemeris Refinement of Transiting Exoplanets III

“…Since the programme's foundation in 2016, over 150 school students have published research in academic journals through ORBYTS. The topic of this research has varied, from calculating empirical molecular energy levels (McKemmish et al, 2017(McKemmish et al, , 2018Chubb, Joseph, et al, 2018;Chubb, Naumenko, et al, 2018;Darby-Lewis et al, 2019), analysing data of our Sun from the Hinode spacecraft (French et al, 2020) or studying protostellar outflows (Holdship et al, 2019), to counting craters on Mars (Francis et al, 2020), monitoring X-rays from Jupiter's Auroras (Wibisono et al, 2020) and active galactic nuclei (Grafton-Waters et al, 2021).…”

An improved rovibrational linelist of formaldehyde, \spec{h212c16o}

“…1746 cm -1 1500 cm -1 1167 cm -1 2843 cm -1 1249 cm -1 spectroscopic data of nine isotopologues of water [111,[123][124][125][126], as well as of diatomics [127][128][129][130][131], triatomics [132][133][134][135], tetratomics [136][137][138], and beyond [139]. Thus, it is sufficient to give only a relatively brief discussion about MARVEL here.…”