Martian Atmospheric Temperature and Density Profiles During the First Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements

López‐Valverde, M. A.; Funke, B.; Brines, Adrian; Stolzenbach, Aurélien; Modak, Ashimananda; Hill, Brittany; González‐Galindo, Francisco; Thomas, Ian; Trompet, Loïc; Aoki, Shohei; Villanueva, Gerónimo; Liuzzi, Giuliano; Erwin, Justin; Grabowski, U.; Forget, F.; López-Moreno, J. J.; Rodriguez-Gomez, J.; Ristic, Bojan; Daerden, Frank; Bellucci, Giancarlo; Patel, Manish R.; Vandaele, Ann Carine

doi:10.1029/2022je007278

Cited by 9 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Also three companion papers have been submitted by the IAA/CSIC team to this special issue. All of them using NOMAD solar occultation observations, Lopez-Valverde et al (2022) retrieves temperature and CO 2 density profiles up to 90 km from NOMAD 1st year of solar occultations, Stolzenbach et al (2022) derives nature and composition of Martian aerosols, and Modak et al (2022) retrieves CO vertical profiles.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also the pre-processing computes the aerosol slant optical depth, which is used later to retrieve extinctions at the tangent point (Stolzenbach et al, 2022). These values are used during gas retrievals, like H 2 O, CO 2 (Lopez-Valverde et al, 2022) or CO (Modak et al, 2022) following a sequential retrieval chain. This pre-processing works considering the measured transmittances (T ) corrected for spectral shift (∆λ) as a proportional combination of the forward model (T 0 ) scaled by a factor (k), the residual bending (T b ) and the aerosol slant opacity (τ ).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Vapor Vertical Distribution on Mars During Perihelion Season of MY 34 and MY 35 With ExoMars‐TGO/NOMAD Observations

et al. 2023

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Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Water Vapor Vertical Distribution on Mars During Perihelion Season of MY 34 and MY 35 With ExoMars‐TGO/NOMAD Observations

et al. 2023

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“…The model outputs are at defined grids and are interpolated to the time and location of the NOMAD SO observation. The atmosphere needed by the forward model is built using the pressure and temperature retrieved from SO observation of diffraction order 149 (López Valverde et al., 2022).…”

Section: Retrieval Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We summarize here some of its characteristics. Our global‐fit retrieval scheme and application are common to other NOMAD retrieval targets at the IAA team, including H 2 O (Brines et al., 2022), temperature and CO 2 densities (López Valverde et al., 2022), all in this special issue.…”

Section: Retrieval Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval of Martian Atmospheric CO Vertical Profiles From NOMAD Observations During the First Year of TGO Operations

et al. 2023

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We present CO density profiles up to about 100 km in the Martian atmosphere obtained for the first time from retrievals of solar occultation measurements by the Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) onboard ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO). CO is an important trace gas on Mars, as it is controlled by CO2 photolysis, chemical reaction with the OH radicals, and the global dynamics. However, the measurements of CO vertical profiles have been elusive until the arrival of TGO. We show how the NOMAD CO variations describe very well the Mars general circulation. We observe a depletion of CO in the upper troposphere and mesosphere during the peak period, LS = 190°–200°, more pronounced over the northern latitudes, confirming a similar result recently reported by Atmospheric Chemistry Suite onboard TGO. However, in the lower troposphere around 20 km, and at least at high latitudes of the S. hemisphere, NOMAD CO mixing ratios increase over 1,500 ppmv during the GDS (Global Dust Storm) onset. This might be related to the downwelling branch of the Hadley circulation. A subsequent increase in tropospheric CO is observed during the decay phase of the GDS around LS = 210°–250° when the dust loading is still high. This could be associated with a reduction in the amount of OH radicals in the lower atmosphere due to lack of solar insolation. Once the GDS is over, CO steadily decreases globally during the southern summer season. A couple of distinct CO patterns associated with the Summer solstice and equinox circulation are reported and discussed.

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“…(2020) and López Valverde et al. (2022) reporting temperature profiles in MY 34. A direct comparison between those two data sets is not possible as they cover MY 34.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon Dioxide Retrievals From NOMAD‐SO on ESA's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and Temperature Profile Retrievals With the Hydrostatic Equilibrium Equation: 2. Temperature Variabilities in the Mesosphere at Mars Terminator

et al. 2023

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The Solar Occultation (SO) channel of the Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) instrument scans the Martian atmosphere since 21 April 2018. In this work, we present a subset of the NOMAD SO data measured at the mesosphere. We focused on a spectral range that started to be recorded in Martian year (MY) 35. A total of 968 vertical profiles of carbon dioxide density and temperature covering MY 35 and the beginning of MY 36 were investigated until 135° of solar longitude. We compared 47 profiles with co‐located profiles of the Mars Climate Sounder onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Most profiles show a good agreement as SO temperatures are only 1.8 K higher, but some biases lead to an average absolute difference of 7.4°K. The SO data set is also compared with simulations from the Global Environmental Multiscale‐Mars general circulation model. Both data sets are in good agreement except for the presence of a cold layer in the winter hemisphere and a warm layer at dawn in the Northern hemisphere for solar longitudes between 240° and 360°. Five profiles contain temperatures lower than the limit for CO2 condensation. Strong warm layers were found in 13.5% of the profiles. They are present mainly at dawn and in the winter hemisphere, while the Northern dusks appear featureless. The data set mainly covers high latitudes around 60° and we derived some non‐migrating tides. In the Southern winter hemisphere, we derived apparent zonal wavenumber‐1 (WN‐1) and WN‐3 tidal components with a maximum amplitude of 10% and 5% at 63 km, respectively.

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Martian Atmospheric Temperature and Density Profiles During the First Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements

Abstract: The Open University's repository of research publications and other research outputs Martian atmospheric temperature and density profiles during the 1st year of NOMAD/TGO solar occultation measurements

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Water Vapor Vertical Distribution on Mars During Perihelion Season of MY 34 and MY 35 With ExoMars‐TGO/NOMAD Observations

Water Vapor Vertical Distribution on Mars During Perihelion Season of MY 34 and MY 35 With ExoMars‐TGO/NOMAD Observations

Retrieval of Martian Atmospheric CO Vertical Profiles From NOMAD Observations During the First Year of TGO Operations

Carbon Dioxide Retrievals From NOMAD‐SO on ESA's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and Temperature Profile Retrievals With the Hydrostatic Equilibrium Equation: 2. Temperature Variabilities in the Mesosphere at Mars Terminator

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