Martensite-to-Austenite Reversion and Recrystallization in Cryogenically-Rolled Type 321 Metastable Austenitic Steel

Aletdinov, Ainur; Mironov, S.; Korznikova, G. F.; Konkova, Tatyana; Zaripova, R. G.; Myshlyaev, М. M.; Semiatin, S. L.

doi:10.1007/s11661-018-5070-9

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Annealing at relatively low temperatures (~ 400 °C) may also lead to increasing of the martensite content and the consequent annealing hardening effect [43,44,[229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237][238]. Usually, an increase of ferromagnetic phase takes place in ASSs with biphasic structure (austenite + α'-martensite) as a result of heating at a temperature of ~ 400 °C.…”

Section: Low Annealing Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Sohrabi

Naghizadeh

Mirzadeh

2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

171

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Recent progress in the understanding of the deformation-induced martensitic transformation, the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, and the reversion annealing in the metastable austenitic stainless steels are reviewed in the present work. For this purpose, the introduced methods for the measurement of martensite content are summarized. Moreover, the austenite stability as the key factor for controlling the austenite to martensite transformation is critically discussed. This is realized by analyzing the effects of chemical composition, initial grain size, applied strain, deformation temperature, strain rate, and deformation mode (stress state). For instance, the effect of initial grain size is found to be complicated, especially in the ultrafine grained (UFG) regime. Furthermore, it seems that there is a critical grain size for changing the trend of α′-martensite formation. Decreasing the deformation temperature motivates the formation of α′-martensite, but there is a critical temperature for achieving the maximum tensile ductility. Afterwards, the modeling techniques for the transformation kinetics and the contribution of deformation-induced martensitic transformation to the strengthening of material and also strength-ductility trade-off are critically surveyed. The processing of UFG microstructure during reversion annealing, the effects of the recrystallization of the retained austenite, the martensitic shear and diffusional reversion mechanisms, and the annealing-induced martensitic transformation are also summarized. Accordingly, this overview presents the opportunities that the strain-induced martensitic transformation can offer for controlling the microstructure and mechanical properties of metastable austenitic stainless steels.

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Section: Low Annealing Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, martensitic transformation might occur during the subsequent cooling to room temperature [235,236]. However, the annealing hardening phenomenon has been also related to the precipitation during annealing [233,237].…”

Section: Low Annealing Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Sohrabi

Naghizadeh

Mirzadeh

2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

171

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“…The processing leads to the development of the reversion of DIM to austenite that may occur via martensitic or diffusional mechanisms [20][21][22]. The activation of a particular mechanism depends on the chemical composition [22], stored deformation energy [23], heating rate [24], soaking time, and annealing temperature [25,26]; both martensitic and diffusional mechanisms might occur simultaneously [12]. In the case of the diffusional mechanism, the reverse transformation start temperature (A S ) rises with increasing the heating rate but changing to martensitic mechanism is associated with stabilization of the A S level [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, there is not a common viewpoint about the sequence of those mechanisms in MAS steels. According to [25], the martensitic shear reversion takes place at lower temperatures that are associated with the formation of reverted austenite (RA) with high crystal defect concentration inside and the K-S orientation relationship between RA and DIM. The formation of defect-free grains occurs at higher temperatures that indicate the reversion by the diffusional mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of the Reverse Martensite-to-Austenite Transformation in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Панов

Kudryavtsev

Chernichenko

et al. 2021

Metals

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The martensite-to-austenite reversion mechanisms under continuous heating and annealing of metastable austenitic stainless steel subjected to cold swaging were studied. The reversion-temperature-time diagram was constructed using high-resolution dilatometry. The diagram revealed a sequence of martensitic and diffusional reversion and recrystallization. Martensitic and diffusional reversion might be separated by using the heating rate of >10 °C/s. The reversion started via the martensitic mechanism, and the diffusional mechanism developed during subsequent heating. However, both mechanisms enhance simultaneously during continuous heating at slow heating rates (<10 °C/s). At higher temperatures, recrystallization occurred. Post-mortem microstructure analysis has allowed classifying the reverse annealing modes into low- (500–650 °C), medium- (~700 °C), and high-temperature (~800 °C) regimes. During low-temperature annealing, the development of the phase reversion, recovery, recrystallization, and carbide precipitation was characterized by both a high amount of new austenite grains and restriction of their growth that resulted in the formation of an ultrafine grain structure with an average grain size of 100–200 nm. Medium-temperature annealing was associated with the formation of almost a fully recrystallized austenitic structure, but the lamellar regions were still detected. Austenitic grain growth and dissolution of carbide particles were enhanced during high-temperature annealing.

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“…Practical realization of a possibility of atom diffusion mobility increasing at technologically convenient low temperatures can become the new development stage of material treatment methods with using of diffusion processes. Considering this, the problem of significant (on orders of magnitude) increasing of the diffusion coefficient in metal systems has a pronounced fundamental character [1][2][3][4][5][6]. One can solve this problem by usage of the significant dependence of diffusion characteristics on the dimensions and concentration of the structure and substructure elements and on the main crystal-structure defect types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cyclic Martensitic γ–ϵ Transformations on Diffusion Characteristics of Cobalt in an Iron–Manganese Alloy

Danilchenko¹,

Mazanko²,

Filatov³

et al. 2019

Usp. Fiz. Met.

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This review article analyses the results of experimental investigations of the influence of the cyclic direct γ−ε (f.c.c.-h.c.p.) and reverse ε−γ (h.c.p.-f.c.c.) martensitic transformations (MT) on the diffusion characteristics of Co atoms in Ã18Ñ2 (Fe-18.3 wt.% Mn-2.1 wt.% Si) alloy with low stacking-fault energy. With using of the radioactive isotopes via autoradiography and the layer analysis methods, it is shown the significant intensification of mobility of Co atoms by γ ↔ ε transformations is determined by two different independent mechanisms: due to the MT (athermal mechanism) and by means of the mechanism of thermal activation in the area of structural defects formed during the γ-ε and ε-γ transformations. The possibility of Co atom transport by means of the athermal mechanism in the process of cyclic martensitic transformations (CMT) by moving of interstitial atoms and their complexes along the close-packed (111) γ and (001) ε planes in the crystal lattices of f.c.c. austenite and h.c.p. martensite, respectively (crowdion mechanism) is analysed. The ability of the crowdion complexes to move with a velocity exceeding the velocity of sound in a crystal in the field of high internal stresses arising during high-rate deformation of austenite in a MT process is taken into account. The regularities of accumulation of such structural defects in the CMT process as disorientation of the crystal lattice and chaotic stacking faults (CSF) are investigated by the x-ray methods for the single-crystalline and polycrystalline samples. The intensification of diffusion processes in a phase-hardened alloy by the thermal-activation mechanism is attributed to the increase in the Co-atoms' mobility in the region of accumulation of defects in the crystal structure. An analysis of the regularities of accumulation of different types of defects with an increase in the phase-hardening degree made it possible to establish a certain sequence of their influence on the diffusion mobility

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Martensite-to-Austenite Reversion and Recrystallization in Cryogenically-Rolled Type 321 Metastable Austenitic Steel

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Deformation-induced martensite in austenitic stainless steels: A review

Mechanisms of the Reverse Martensite-to-Austenite Transformation in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Effect of Cyclic Martensitic γ–ϵ Transformations on Diffusion Characteristics of Cobalt in an Iron–Manganese Alloy

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