Mars Seismology

Lognonné, P.; Banerdt, W. B.; Clinton, John; Garcia, Raphaël; Giardini, D.; Knapmeyer‐Endrun, Brigitte; Panning, M. P.; Pike, W. T.

doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-031621-073318

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(166 reference statements)

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“…Lognonné et al. (2003), and Garcia et al. (2005) made the first proposals for indirect detections of seismic activity on Venus, with the latter specifically analyzing these atmospheric perturbations in the context of the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) instrument on the Venus Express mission.…”

Section: A Novel Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A “Floatilla” of Airborne Seismometers for Venus

Krishnamoorthy

Bowman

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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The internal structure of a planetary body results from conditions in the early solar system followed by billions of years of geological evolution since then. Thus, studying and comparing the internal structures of planetary bodies offers a glimpse into the formation of the solar system itself. Seismology has proven to be one of the most effective tools to study planetary interiors for rocky bodies. This is because seismic waves generated by tectonic and volcanic activity interact with the solid planet, allowing for the determination of its internal structure.Seismology on global scales is a "wait and watch" science-thousands of seismometers deployed as part of vast networks on Earth passively record ground motion to detect and study seismic waves. Seismometers deployed by the Apollo missions on the Moon remained active for several years and recorded hundreds of moonquakes (Nunn et al., 2020). Similarly on Mars, the intrepid InSight lander lay in wait for several months for the first detection of a marsquake, but has since then detected over 1300 events, of which the larger ones have helped determine the size of the planet's core (Stähler et al., 2021). These long-duration seismic recordings have revolutionized our understanding of the Earth and its neighborhood. We now have a detailed map of Earth's interior, and know that Mars and the Moon are devoid of large-scale plate tectonics, but still currently seismically active. We know the layered structure of each of these bodies, the sizes of their cores, and the composition of their crusts.Venus is considered Earth's twin, but waiting and watching from its surface is easier said than done. Flybys from the Mariner missions discovered that the surface of Venus was inhospitably hot (>460°C) and dense (>90 atmospheres) (Barath et al., 1963), which was also confirmed by in-situ measurements by the Soviet Venera landers (Keldysh, 1977). The current record for longest survival time on the surface of Venus is held by the Venera-13 lander at 127 min (National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 2022), a time span that is much too short for conducting meaningful seismic recordings. Thus, the interior structure of Venus remains

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Section: A Novel Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A “Floatilla” of Airborne Seismometers for Venus

Krishnamoorthy

Bowman

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The VBB sensor shows an almost flat response between 0.05 and 15 Hz and nominally samples the data at 20 samples per second (sps). Covered with the Wind and Thermal Shield, the seismic recordings from Mars showed a noise level of 1.5 × 10 −10 m/s 2 /Hz 0.5 at quiet nighttime and a few times 10 −8 m/s 2 /Hz 0.5 during the windy daytime (e.g., Lognonné et al, 2020Lognonné et al, , 2023. Generally, the VBB data are distributed with the unit of DU (i.e., the instrumental response is not decomposed), and also the rotation from the oblique axis system (UVW components) into the north, east, and vertical system (NEZ components) is not performed.…”

Section: Seismometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of Martian Convective Vortices Observed by InSight and Implications for Vertical Vortex Structure and Subsurface Physical Properties

Onodera,

Nishida,

Kawamura

et al. 2023

JGR Planets

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Convective vortices (whirlwinds) and dust devils (dust‐loaded vortices) are one of the most common phenomena on Mars. They reflect the local thermodynamical structure of the atmosphere and are the driving force of the dust cycle. Additionally, they cause an elastic ground deformation, which is useful for retrieving the subsurface rigidity. Therefore, investigating convective vortices with the right instrumentation can lead to a better understanding of the Martian atmospheric structures as well as the subsurface physical properties. In this study, we quantitatively characterized the convective vortices detected by NASA’s InSight ( ∼13,000 events) using meteorological (e.g., pressure, wind speed, temperature) and seismic data. The evaluated parameters, such as the signal‐to‐noise ratio, event duration, asymmetricity of pressure drop profiles, and cross‐correlation between seismic and pressure signals, are compiled as a catalog. Using these parameters, we investigated (i) the vortex structure and (ii) the subsurface physical properties. Regarding the first topic, we tried to illustrate the vertical vortex structure and its link to the shape of the pressure profiles by combining the asymmetrical features seen in the observed pressure drops and the terrestrial observations of dust devils. Our results indicate that most of the vortices move with the wall tilted in the advection direction. Concerning the second topic, selecting the highly‐correlated events between pressure perturbation and ground response, we estimated the subsurface rigidity at the InSight landing site down to 100 m depth. Our results indicate that the subsurface structure can be modeled with 2 layers having a transition at 5–15 m depth.

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“…The InSight mission to Mars is the most successful deployment of seismometers in the solar system (Banerdt et al., 2020; Lognonné et al., 2023). The InSight seismometers (very broadband and short‐period seismometers) were operational between 2018 and 2022 (Lognonné et al., 2023). More than 4 years of operation resulted in observations of more than a thousand marsquakes, although only a small number were located (InSight Marsquake Service, 2023).…”

Section: Toward Probing the Interiors Of Other Terrestrial Planets An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details of the InSight mission and Mars seismology have been published recently in a review by Lognonné et al. (2023).…”

Section: Toward Probing the Interiors Of Other Terrestrial Planets An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Formation of Global Inter‐Source Correlations and Applications to Constrain the Interiors of the Earth and Other Terrestrial Planets

Wang

Tkalčić

2023

JGR Solid Earth

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The cross‐correlation stack of earthquake late‐coda between seismic receivers on a global scale – global inter‐receiver correlogram – exhibits numerous features that provide information on the Earth's structure. The cross‐correlation stack between seismic sources (global inter‐source correlogram) can also be constructed, and, in theory, it should reproduce the correlation features seen in the inter‐receiver correlogram. However, practical attempts at global inter‐source correlograms have not produced the theoretical expectations. Namely, the obtained inter‐source correlograms are void of discernable correlation features. Here, we address this problem and document the steps that have to be undertaken to produce the inter‐source global correlogram with the equivalent abundance of correlation features. We show that forming inter‐source correlation features requires constructive contributions determined by specific source mechanisms and source‐receiver geometries. They are overwhelmed by destructive contributions if seismic records of all available sources and source‐receiver geometries are used. Building upon that, we present an effective procedure for constructing global inter‐source correlations through a rigorous selection of source mechanisms and source‐receiver geometries. The resulting inter‐source correlations exhibit numerous prominent correlation features as predicted. Notably, this method enables the construction of global inter‐source correlations in a special case with a single seismic receiver. Furthermore, we explore and demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing single‐receiver inter‐source correlations to constrain the interiors of the Earth and other terrestrial bodies. Our study facilitates practical applications of global inter‐source correlations, providing additional constraints on the Earth's structure and offering an effective routine to probe the interiors of other planets and moons using currently affordable resources.

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Mars Seismology

Cited by 19 publications

References 151 publications

A “Floatilla” of Airborne Seismometers for Venus

A “Floatilla” of Airborne Seismometers for Venus

Description of Martian Convective Vortices Observed by InSight and Implications for Vertical Vortex Structure and Subsurface Physical Properties

On the Formation of Global Inter‐Source Correlations and Applications to Constrain the Interiors of the Earth and Other Terrestrial Planets

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