“…Many studies have outlined factors that are critical for creating an environment and culture in which same-sex marriage policy diffusion can take place such as public and political ideology, influence of LGBTQ groups, acceptance of homosexuality, religiosity, and international pressure, specifically from the European Union or the European Court on Human Rights (Kollman, 2007(Kollman, , 2017Cooper, 2012;Fernández and Lutter, 2013;Kreitzer, Hamilton and Tolbert, 2014;Ayoub, 2015;Mitchell and Petray, 2016;Hildebrandt, Trüdinger and Jäckle, 2017;Slootmaeckers and Sircar, 2018).…”