“…In addition to countries branding or rebranding themselves, cities all over the globe have also opted to undertake the process. Cities such as Glasgow (Daskou et al, 2004), Manchester (Ward, 2000), Bradford (Trueman et al, 2004), London (Anholt, 2006a, 2006b; Hopper, 2003), Denver (Jaffe and Nebenzahl, 2006: 166), Beijing (Zhang and Xiaobin, 2009), Amsterdam (Kavaratzis and Ashworth, 2006), Montréal (Rantisi and Leslie, 2006), and many more have already completed the design of their new look and successfully reinforced their positive image in the minds of millions of foreign tourists. Targeting domestic tourism until conditions improve during periods of terror, as was the case of Jerusalem, for example, is a proven successful alternative to targeting foreign tourism (Mitki et al, 2011).…”