“…Several empirical studies found that the asymmetric response to earnings surprise is primarily caused by uncertainty, whether economy-wide or firm-specific (Bird and Yeung, 2012; Choi, 2014; Jiang et al, 2005; Williams, 2015; Zhang, 2006). Furthermore, it has been suggested that uncertainty is a major contributor to the persistence of the PEAD (Bird et al, 2014; Caskey, 2009; Francis et al, 2007; Gerard, 2012).…”