Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Milk do not Differ by Maternal BMI But are Related to Infant Growth Trajectories

Young, Bridget E.; Patinkin, Zachary W; Pyle, Laura; Houssaye, Becky de la; Davidson, Barbara; Geraghty, Sheela R.; Morrow, Ardythe L.; Krebs, Nancy F.

doi:10.1007/s10995-016-2243-2

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Women with pre-existing conditions known to influence HM macronutrient composition, including GDM and diabetes, were excluded in most of the studies (n = 18) [23,24,26,28,29,31,[34][35][36]39,40,42,43,[45][46][47][48]50]. Two studies included women with GDM [30,32], while whether or not women with these conditions were included was unclear [27,49] or not stated [8,9,16,25,33,37,38,41,44] in 11 studies.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Human Milk Macronutrient Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Maternal obesity has been associated with changes in the macronutrient concentration of human milk (HM), which have the potential to promote weight gain and increase the long-term risk of obesity in the infant. This article aimed to provide a synthesis of studies evaluating the effects of maternal overweight and obesity on the concentrations of macronutrients in HM. EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were searched for relevant articles. Two authors conducted screening, data extraction, and quality assessment independently. A total of 31 studies (5078 lactating women) were included in the qualitative synthesis and nine studies (872 lactating women) in the quantitative synthesis. Overall, maternal body mass index (BMI) and adiposity measurements were associated with higher HM fat and lactose concentrations at different stages of lactation, whereas protein concentration in HM did not appear to differ between overweight and/or obese and normal weight women. However, given the considerable variability in the results between studies and low quality of many of the included studies, further research is needed to establish the impact of maternal overweight and obesity on HM composition. This is particularly relevant considering potential implications of higher HM fat concentration on both growth and fat deposition during the first few months of infancy and long-term risk of obesity.

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Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Human Milk Macronutrient Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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“…Maternal obesity has not been observed to influence milk composition. However, it has been suggested that obese mothers can transfer via breast milk inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress, which can contribute to weight gain in the infant (Young et al., ). Although it has been shown that the profile of some fatty acids in the breast milk from obese women is different compared to lean women, their total fat, protein and carbohydrate content does not differ (Panagos et al., ).…”

Section: Pre‐ and Postnatal Events Involved In Intestinal Barrier Matmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates Content in Human Milk and the Development of the Gut Barrier

Figueroa-Lozano

Vos

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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The intestinal immune barrier is considered to be the gatekeeper of the human body and rapidly develops directly after birth. Many pre‐ and postnatal factors influence the development of the gut‐barrier, which is composed of the microbiota, the mucus, the epithelial layer and the mucosal immune system. Even minor disturbances during barrier development can have consequences for health far into adulthood. Here we critically discuss the current knowledge on which pre‐ and postnatal factors influence development, maturation, and maintenance of the gut immune barrier. Human milk has a unique composition and is the gold standard for adequate development of the intestinal immune barrier. Not only the influence of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) but also that of glycoproteins (HMGPs) is reviewed. We discuss the influence of maternal genetic factors, such as the secretor and Lewis phenotypes on breast milk fucosylation and sialylation of HMOs and HMGPs. This diversity in HMOs and HMPGs influences microbiota composition and also the development of the immune barrier. Cow milk‐derived infant formula is often being used as an alternative for human breast milk. The consequences of this for proper development of the intestinal immune barrier and, in particular, the differences in the type of oligosaccharides and glycosylation patterns (sialic and fucose composition) between cow and human milk are critically discussed. Current and prospective strategies to promote proper gut‐immune maturation are proposed. These might include more personalized infant formulas when breast milk is not an option.

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“…7 It is known today that the use of breast milk in infant feeding can reduce the risk of obesity, even if it is produced by obese mothers. 10 Studies concerning OS are correlated with the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and reactive nitrogen species (NREs) and with the efficiency of the antioxidant defense system. Breastfed children have been shown to have a more efficient antioxidant barrier when compared to formula-fed children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pasteurization on the Antioxidant and Oxidant Properties of Human Milk

Lorençoni

Silva

Júnior

2021

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of pasteurization on antioxidant and oxidant properties of human milk. Methods: 42 samples of milk before and after pasteurisation were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity by the ferric reducing capacity and by scavenging the 2,2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical. Lipid peroxidation was estimated by the concentration of malondialdehyde product using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay and by the evaluation of advanced oxidation protein products. Results: No significant difference was observed in fresh human milk and after pasteurization in relation to antioxidant properties determined by the ferric reducing capacity (50.0±3.4% and 48.8±3.0%, respectively) and by scavenging the 2,2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical (28.9±1.5% and 31.2±1.3%, respectively). The results of malondialdehyde (62.6±4.1 and 64.3±3.6 µM/mg) and protein oxidation products (59.4±3.4 and 54.2±3.8 µM/L) of fresh and pasteurized milk, respectively, did not exhibited any significant difference. Conclusions: This data showed that human milk has an important antioxidant activity and that the pasteurizing process does not influence the antioxidant capacity, avoiding the peroxidation of breast milk lipids and the formation of advanced protein oxidation products.

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Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Milk do not Differ by Maternal BMI But are Related to Infant Growth Trajectories

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Human Milk Macronutrient Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Human Milk Macronutrient Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Relationship Between Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates Content in Human Milk and the Development of the Gut Barrier

Effect of Pasteurization on the Antioxidant and Oxidant Properties of Human Milk

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