Mark Gonzales

Theoretical Aspects of a Surface Electrode Reaction Coupled with Preceding and Regenerative Chemical Steps: Square‐wave Voltammetry of a Surface CEC’ Mechanism

“…Indeed, recognizing the nature of particular electrode mechanism is a crucial step in order to apply defined methodologies for the determination of relevant kinetics and thermodynamics parameters. In the last 3 decades, our group and others provided valuable theoretical methodologies in SWV to deal with these problems, even for very complex electrochemical mechanisms. In this work, we focus on specific surface electrochemical reaction, in which both electroactive participants, which are firmly immobilized at the surface of working electrode, are involved in different type of chemical reactions.…”

“…In the last 40 years, voltammetry is recognized as a cheap, simple and powerful electrochemical technique that enables insight into the chemistry of many important substances . Valuable theories of many simple and complex electrochemical mechanisms are presented under conditions of various voltammetric techniques in well‐recognized works . Many classes of lipophilic compounds undergo electrochemical transformation at working electrodes that can be described with the theories of so‐called “surface electrode mechanisms” .…”

“…The “protein‐film voltammetry”, which is a powerful electrochemical methodology designed to study chemistry of lipophilic redox enzymes , also belongs to the family of surface redox reactions. Electrochemical reactions with coupled chemical reactions are very important systems, because they can give valuable information about chemical features of many substances . The determination of kinetics and thermodynamics parameters linked to certain chemical interactions give information about the rate of chemical reactivity and stability of important “surface‐active” substances .…”

The need to optimize the definition of anemia in the management of the world health organization in the field of physiological changes of the manager at sea level and at height

“…En la altura los mecanismos de compensación frente a la menor presión parcial de oxigeno elevan los niveles de Hemoglobina en la gestante donde los valores para definir anemia son inferiores a 14,5g/dL (4) . Los niveles de hemoglobina a nivel del mar se correlacionan directamente con el contenido de hierro sérico , en altura esto no es así esto se ha demostrado al comparar la prevalencia de anemia en gestantes considerando la hemoglobina corregida en altura frente a la valoración del hierro sérico, encontrando diferencias muy significativas ((26,6% VS 5,7%).…”

“…Los niveles de hemoglobina a nivel del mar se correlacionan directamente con el contenido de hierro sérico , en altura esto no es así esto se ha demostrado al comparar la prevalencia de anemia en gestantes considerando la hemoglobina corregida en altura frente a la valoración del hierro sérico, encontrando diferencias muy significativas ((26,6% VS 5,7%). (4) Frente a esta realidad existen propuestas de mejoras en la definición de anemia en la gestación como la planteada por "The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists", la cual considera valores inferiores a 11 g/dL en el primer y último trimestre y 10.5 g/dL en el segundo trimestre para definir anemia (5) ,esta definición estaría más de acuerdo con los cambios fisiológicos observados en la gestación. Para el caso de las gestantes residentes en altura, en vista de que la hemoglobina sérica no reflejaría el verdadero estatus del de hierro corporal se propone preferentemente la medición sanguínea del mismo en la definición de anemia (4) .…”