Maritime Prehistory of Northeast Asia: Overview and Outlook

Fitzhugh, Ben

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-1118-7_16

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Coastal Mesolithic or pre-farming Neolithic societies such as the Jōmon made extensive use of marine resources. Many of the most socially complex hunter-gatherer adaptations were based on the sea (Rowley-Conwy 1984;Yesner 1980;Fitzhugh 2022). With the onset of farming, the reliance on fishing declined rather suddenly in several regions including Atlantic Europe, Greece, Korea, and Japan (Richards et al 2003;Cramp et al 2014;Berg 2013;Hudson 2021aHudson , 2022bKim & Seong 2022).…”

Section: Fishing Cycles: Bronze Age Subsistence Over the Longue Duréementioning

confidence: 99%

Bronze Fish

Hudson

Fernández

2023

Old World J. Anc. Afr. Eurasia

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The Bronze Age was a time of pivotal economic change when new long-distance trading networks became associated with a macro-regional division of labour and decentralised political complexity. These developments occurred against the background of a shifting mosaic of subsistence patterns, which included the east-west exchange of crops across Eurasia and (in some areas) greater use of secondary products. As Bronze Age economies became more specialised and diverse, it might be assumed that there was also an increased emphasis on the procurement and trade of fish and other marine resources. However, archaeological analyses of such resources are limited in contrast to land-based subsistence patterns and many questions remain. This essay aims to build a broad interpretive framework for analysing the role of marine resources in the Bronze Age. Our provisional results find that an increased emphasis on specialist systems of agropastoralism reduced the use of marine resources in many parts of Eurasia during this period. However, evidence from Japan and the eastern Mediterranean suggests that, at least in some regions, marine resources became commodities traded over long-distances by the late Bronze Age, though this requires further quantification. Island Southeast Asia displays a different pattern from other regions considered here in a greater continuity of marine resource use from the Neolithic into the historic era, perhaps due to a lower reliance on agropastoralism.

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Section: Fishing Cycles: Bronze Age Subsistence Over the Longue Duréementioning

confidence: 99%

Bronze Fish

Hudson

Fernández

2023

Old World J. Anc. Afr. Eurasia

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“…Archaeologically, the evidence for specialized maritime technologies and practices appears in the Holocene, though indirect evidence suggests possible maritime living during the last glacial maximum as well (Fitzhugh, 2022a). Coastal settlement is evident by the early Holocene in the subarctic Northeast Pacific (southern Alaska), later in the subarctic Northwest Pacific (Sea of Okhotsk), and finally in the Arctic (Bering and Chukchi Sea) regions (Fitzhugh, 2016, 2022b) ( Fig. 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the subarctic zones of Alaska and the southern Okhotsk Sea, the seasonally frozen northern Okhotsk, and around the Bering and Chukchi Seas, maritime economies were developed no earlier than 4000–5000 years ago (Tremayne and Rasic, 2016), becoming specialized on marine mammal hunting and fishing after 3500 yr (Dumond and Bland, 1995; Fitzhugh, 2016, 2022b; Gusev, 2022). On these coasts, people have since hunted ice-adapted seals, walrus, and whales from land-fast and pack ice, cracks in the ice (leads), and open water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

et al. 2022

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Using 14 proxy human population time series from around the North Pacific (Alaska, Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands), we evaluate the possibility that the North Pacific climate and marine ecosystem includes a millennial-scale regime shift cycle affecting subsistence and migration. We develop both visual and statistical methods for addressing questions about relative population growth and movement in the past. We introduce and explore the use of a Time Iterative Moran I (TIMI) spatial autocorrelation method to compare time series trends quantitatively – a method that could prove useful in other paleoecological analyses. Results reveal considerable population dynamism around the North Pacific in the last 5000 years and strengthen a previously reported inverse correlation between Northeast and Northwest Pacific proxy population indices. Visual and TIMI analyses suggest multiple, overlapping explanations for the variability, including the potential that oscillating ecological regime shifts affect the North Pacific basin. These results provide an opening for coordinated research to unpack the interrelated social, cultural and environmental dynamics around the subarctic and arctic North Pacific at different spatial and temporal scales by international teams of archaeologists, historians, paleoecologists, paleoceanographers, paleoclimatologists, modelers and data management specialists.

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Maritime Prehistory of Northeast Asia: Overview and Outlook

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Bronze Fish

Bronze Fish

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

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