Marine Thiobacilli: I. Isolation and Distribution

Tilton, Richard C.; Cobet, Andre B.; Jones, Galen E.

doi:10.1139/m67-200

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A widespread occurrence of sulphate-reducing bacteria would explain the paradoxical and ubiquitous presence of sulphide-utilizing strains of Thiobacillus (Tilton et al 1967a, b) and Thiobacillus-like bacteria (Tuttle & Jannasch 1972) in an otherwise oxygenated sea, that at the time would not be expected to be producing the reduced product hydrogen sulphide that is susceptible to oxidation by dissolved oxygen. The presence of bacteria in the MBC that could dark fix CO2 In reduced microparticulates, could also explain part of the dark fixation of CO2 attributed to nitrogen fixation in sedimenting particles (Karl et al 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C1 bacteria in the water column of Chesapeake Bay USA. I. Distribution of sub-populations of O2-tolerant, obligately anaerobic, methylotrophic methanogens that occur in microniches reduced by their bacterial consorts

Sieburth¹

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Sub-populations of 02-tolerant, obligately anaerobic methanogens were enriched with monomethylamine (MMA) under 3 different regimens: Reglmen 1, where oxygenated seawater was reduced by the aerobic bacterial consorts of the methanogens in sealed gas-permeable polycarbonate flasks that apparently prevented the accumulation of hydrogen sulphlde whlle allowing the production of traces of ethane and ethylene; Regimen 2, like 1, but with bacterial reduchon in glass serum bottles that permitted the accun~ulation of hydrogen sulphide formed by sulphate-reduction but not the C2 hydrocarbons; and Regimen 3, an anaerobic mehum chemically reduced by sodium sulphide and cysteine that is used to culture methanogens from anoxic sediment. In Regimens 1 and 2 , methanogenic bacterial consortia (MBC) were initiated by MMA-oxidizing bacteria that formed reduced microzones in which MMA could be cleaved by methylotrophlc methanogens to form methane, which was apparently oxidized by aerobic methanotrophs almost as quickly as it was produced until dissolved oxygen was exhausted. The process was accelerated under Regimen 2, whose enrichments were used for the most probable number estimation of methanogenic particulates which showed that they accumulate in the pycnoche. These methanogenic particulates were quite sensitive to filter concentration. The distribution of the 3 sub-populations of methanogens is then shown at 10 stations along the density gradient of the estuary where water samples were obtained from the surface layer, pycnocline and bottom layer of water. The results were similar for each layer, where Reqmen 2 consistently produced twice the number of methanogenic enrichments as obtained with Regimen 1 or 2. In contrast, there was a marked dfference in the distribution of the methanogen populations down the density gradient of the estuary. Enrichment in Regimen 3, which was very successful up the estuary, decreased in effectiveness with increasing density. Enrichments in Reg~rnen 2 were quite effective throughout the transect of stratified waters, while those in Regimen 1 had a narrower distribution. I conclude that 02-tolerant methanogens that occur throughout the water column and peak in the pycnocline grow in fragile microniches that are reduced by bacteria that either consume oxygen, produce hydrogen sulphide, or both. A 'top-down' working hypothesis is presented that could explain the diversity, nature and distribution of the bacterial components of the methanogenic enrichments of the water column, and how the methanogens in anoxic sedunents lacking aerobic bacterial consorts may be selected from them. I also postulate that the methanogens living in bacterially reduced microniches may be unique both physiologically and taxonomically, and may have redox potential (Eh) requirements less strict than methanogens from anoxic H2S-rich sediments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C1 bacteria in the water column of Chesapeake Bay USA. I. Distribution of sub-populations of O2-tolerant, obligately anaerobic, methylotrophic methanogens that occur in microniches reduced by their bacterial consorts

Sieburth¹

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Thiosulfate oxidation in organic media by some marine pseudomonads, with concomitant stimulation of growth, was reported by Tuttle et al (1974). They suggested that this may provide an ecological advantage for these organisms in environments such as the Black Sea (Sorokin, 1970), Cariaco Trench (Tuttle and Jannasch, 1973), and surface waters of oceans (Tilton et al, 1967) where thiosulfate is formed.…”

Section: Unidirectional Processesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Microbiological fractionation of stable sulfur isotopes: A review and critique

Chambers¹,

Trudinger²

1979

Geomicrobiology Journal

407

143

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“…the Black Sea and Cariaco Trench) lying beneath the euphotic zone. Thiobacilli could be found in inshore waters and sediments, but were rarely present in appreciable numbers in offshore waters and sediments or even in the Cariaco Trench (Tilton et al 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The importance of obligately anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine sulfur turnover is generally accepted, but the aerobic portion of the marine microbial sulfur cycle in offshore water is not well understood. Studies on marine microbial sulfur oxidation (Tilton et al 1967;Adair and Gunderscn 1969) have focused mainly on the distribution of Thiobacillus sp. in the marine environment and were based on the assumptions that the microbial oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds in the sea is carried out by chemolithotrophic microorganisms similar to those found in terrestrial environments and that anaerobic photosynthetic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are absent from aerobic offshore ocean waters or anoxic zones (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%