Marine renewable energy: The ecological implications of altering the hydrodynamics of the marine environment

Shields, Mark A.; Woolf, David; Grist, Eric P. M.; Kerr, Sandy; Jackson, Angus; Harris, Robert E.; Bell, Michael; Beharie, Robert Alexander; Want, Andrew; Osalusi, Emmanuel; Gibb, Stuart W.; Side, Jonathan Charles

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.10.036

Cited by 183 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Concentrating foraging efforts at times and locations of increased prey vulnerability can significantly enhance predator foraging success (Quinn & Cresswell 2004, Hopcraft et al 2005, Crook & Davoren 2014, and similar mechanisms may operate in tidal-stream habitats. Porpoise presence in tidal streams is likely driven by sitespecific circumstances at small spatiotemporal scales that should be considered when investigating potential interactions with human activities such as marine renewable energy extraction (Inger et al 2009, Shields et al 2011, Jones et al 2014, Scott et al 2014. Studying predator−prey relationships within energetic but tractable systems like the Great Race will offer further opportunities to assess the relative significance of prey availability vs. absolute prey abundance in determining foraging tactics for highly mobile marine predators such as harbour porpoises.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riding the tide: use of a moving tidal-stream habitat by harbour porpoises

Benjamins

Dale²,

Geel³

et al. 2016

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Tidal-stream habitats present periodically fast-flowing, turbulent conditions. Evidence suggests that these conditions benefit top predators such as harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena, presumably allowing them to optimise exploitation of prey resources. However, clear demonstration of this relationship is complicated by the fact that strong tidal flows often occur near-simultaneously across a wide area. The Great Race of the Gulf of Corryvreckan (western Scotland, UK) is a jetting tidal system where high-energy conditions persist across a broad range of tidal phases in a localised, moving patch of water. Porpoises can therefore actively enter or avoid this habitat, facilitating study of their usage of adjacent high-and low-energy environments. The distribution of harbour porpoises was studied using passive acoustic porpoise detectors (C-PODs) deployed on static moorings (~35 d) and on Lagrangian drifters moving freely with the current (up to ~48 h). This dual approach provided complementary perspectives on porpoise presence. C-PODs moored in the path of the Great Race registered a significant increase in detections during the passing of the energetic tidal jet. Encounter durations recorded by drifting C-PODs were longer than those recorded by moored C-PODs, suggesting that porpoises tended to move downstream with the flow rather than remaining stationary relative to the seabed or moving upstream. The energetic, turbulent conditions of the Great Race are clearly attractive to porpoises, and they track its movement with time; however, their structured movements in response to the evolving tidal situation cannot simply be represented as a direct relationship between current speed and porpoise presence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riding the tide: use of a moving tidal-stream habitat by harbour porpoises

Benjamins

Dale²,

Geel³

et al. 2016

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Shields et al 2011; Bonar et al 2015;Copping et al 2016). Although a detailed analysis of these environmental impacts is beyond the scope of the present study, the line sink representation can be used to provide some insight into the associated changes to the natural flow regime.…”

Section: Associated Changes To the Natural Flow Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Malaysian tidal stream energy resource using an upper bound approach

Bonar

Schnabl

Lee

et al. 2018

J. Ocean Eng. Mar. Energy

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In this paper, an upper bound approach is used to determine the maximum power available to tidal stream turbines placed at five sites along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A depth-averaged hydrodynamic model of the Malacca Strait is built and validated against field measurements. Actuator disc theory is then used to introduce rows of tidal stream turbines as line sinks of momentum and to determine the maximum time-averaged power available to rows of both moderately sized and very large turbines, placed strategically at the locations of highest naturally occurring kinetic energy flux. Results suggest that although the Malaysian tidal stream energy resource is not large enough to make a significant contribution to the country's energy mix, there may yet be opportunities to use low-speed tidal turbines in small-scale and off-grid electricity generation schemes. Methods are described in detail and links to source codes and results are provided to encourage the application of this simple, yet effective resource assessment methodology to other promising tidal energy sites.

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“…Nevertheless, there are some barriers that may hinder the development of marine energies, such as the early stage of development of the technologies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], high costs involved [12][13][14][15][16] or uncertainties regarding the environmental impacts [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Among the different alternatives of ocean energy, this work focuses on two of them: Offshore wind and wave energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Wave Energy Competitiveness through Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Farms. A Review on the Shadow Effect

Astariz

Iglesias

2015

Energies

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Abstract:Wave energy is one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels due to the enormous available resource; however, its development may be slowed as it is often regarded as uneconomical. The largest cost reductions are expected to be obtained through economies of scale and technological progress. In this sense, the incorporation of wave energy systems into offshore wind energy farms is an opportunity to foster the development of wave energy. The synergies between both renewables can be realised through these co-located energy farms and, thus, some challenges of offshore wind energy can be met. Among them, this paper focuses on the longer non-operational periods of offshore wind turbines-relative to their onshore counterparts-typically caused by delays in maintenance due to the harsh marine conditions. Co-located wave energy converters would act as a barrier extracting energy from the waves and resulting in a shielding effect over the wind farm. On this basis, the aim of this paper is to analyse wave energy economics in a holistic way, as well as the synergies between wave and offshore wind energy, focusing on the shadow effect and the associated increase in the accessibility to the wind turbines.

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Marine renewable energy: The ecological implications of altering the hydrodynamics of the marine environment

Cited by 183 publications

References 77 publications

Riding the tide: use of a moving tidal-stream habitat by harbour porpoises

Riding the tide: use of a moving tidal-stream habitat by harbour porpoises

Assessment of the Malaysian tidal stream energy resource using an upper bound approach

Enhancing Wave Energy Competitiveness through Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Farms. A Review on the Shadow Effect

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