Marine multicomponent seismology

Caldwell, Jack

doi:10.1190/1.1438198

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The recent seismic exploration technology of P-wave source generating seismic wave and three-component geophone receiving P wave (P-P wave) and converted wave (P-S wave) is the most efficient method in complicated reservoir prospecting [1][2][3][4] . Considering the low and rapidly changed velocity of near-surface S wave, how to eliminate the influence of near-surface S wave on reflected S-wave propagation time (S-wave static correction) is especially important [5] .…”

Section: Pps Converted Refracted Wave Converted Wave Static Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

Liu

Wei

2008

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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Three-component seismic exploration through P-wave source and three-component geophone is an effective technique used in complicated reservoir exploration. In three-component seismic exploration data processing, one of the difficulties is static correction of converted wave. This paper analyzes propagation characteristics of non-converted and converted refracted waves, and discovers a favorable condition for the formation of converted refracted wave, i.e. the velocity of overlaying medium S wave is much lower than that of underlying medium S wave. In addition, the paper proposes the static correction method of converted wave based on PPS converted refracted wave, and processes the real three-component seismic data with better results of static correction of converted wave. PPS converted refracted wave, converted wave, static correctionThe recent seismic exploration technology of P-wave source generating seismic wave and three-component geophone receiving P wave (P-P wave) and converted wave (P-S wave) is the most efficient method in complicated reservoir prospecting [1][2][3][4] . Considering the low and rapidly changed velocity of near-surface S wave, how to eliminate the influence of near-surface S wave on reflected S-wave propagation time (S-wave static correction) is especially important [5] .There have been three static correction methods of converted wave: (a) the calculation of S-wave static correction value from inversion of S-wave velocity based on Love wave dispersion [6] , (b) the inversion of near-surface S-wave velocity by the non-converted refracted S wave [7] , and (c) the direct derivation of the maximum stack power of S-wave static correction [5] . Since the widely used P-wave seismic source in seismic survey makes it difficult to observe Love wave and nonconverted refracted S wave, the application of the first two methods has limitations. The third method cannot fundamentally solve the problem of long wave-length S-wave static correction for its approximation to residual static correction.In 2002, Ritzwoller and Levshin [8] proposed the use of surface wave dispersion and non-converted refracted P and S waves in the inversion of surface S-wave velocity. Li [9] suggested the adoption of first break travel-time difference of Z and X component seismic record to calculate S-wave static correction value. Heelan [10] studied how to calculate amplitude intensity of refracted wave. Hall [11] explained non-converted and converted refracted waves, and briefly described the propagation kinematics characters. Most studies in recent decades on refracted wave have focused on non-converted refracted wave (PPP and SSS refracted wave) [12][13][14][15][16][17] , with little work on

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Section: Pps Converted Refracted Wave Converted Wave Static Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

Liu

Wei

2008

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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“…Chimney effect, which can also be called chimney structure or gas chimney, is a smear zone in the seismic profile that appears very often in offshore gas fields local and abroad (Jie et al, 1999;Caldwell, 1999;Zhang, 2001;Kommedal et al, 2002). It is a typical sign indicating that there exits a large-scale reservoir.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The seismic property of reef flat in the Changxing-Feixianguan Formation, Northwest Sichuan Province, China

Liu

Jianming

Guo³

et al. 2007

Front. Earth Sci. China

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The development of a carbonate reservoir is dominated by its primary sedimentary environment. Generally, a good reservoir must be the oolite of a bank or bioclastics of an organic reef in a marginal mesa, which must deposit on the slope of the mesa. Therefore, the analyses of sequence stratigraphy are the key for predicting the presence of carbonate reservoirs. A typical sequence pattern can be seen in the Puguang gas field. As an independent lithological body, the mechanical property of a reef flat is very different from the surrounding rock, causing stress to concentrate. Stress centralization will, in turn, cause a lot of fractures and faults to develop, and ultimately, result in a gas chimney, which is a seismic smear zone beneath or above the reef flat. Known gas fields, such as the Puguang gas field, also possess gas chimneys. Sequence stratigraphy patterns in the marginal mesa and gas chimney near the reservoir are very obvious in all known fields in southeast and east Sichuan Province. By analyzing the seismic features of all known gas fields, a model to predict carbonate reservoirs has been set up. Using this prediction model, we have found that there is a typical reef flat of the marginal mesa in the Malubei structure of Tongnanba structural belts whose sequence stratigraphy pattern is very much like that of the Puguang gas field; and in the Cangxi-Jiulongshan structure, there is another reef flat which is symmetrical to the Malubei reef. The Cangxi reef flat possesses the largest platform edge shallow facies domestically found, and has a typical prograding sequence. Its gas chimney is very obvious too. Because the Cangxi reef flat is in the very vicinity of the hydrocarbon kitchen and the depression is much bigger than that of the Puguang gas fields, we predict that there may be a gigascopic gas field in Cangxi County. There may also be a large gas field in the Malubei structure.

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“…Decomposition of an elastic wavefield into its up-and downgoing P-and S-wave components allows crisper and more realistic images of the subsurface to be obtained and thus facilitates the interpretation of seismic data (e.g., Haugen et al, 1998;Caldwell, 1999). Existing decomposition schemes (e.g., Wapenaar et al, 1990;Amundsen et al, 2000;Robertsson and Curtis, 2002) require accurate information about the elastic properties in the immediate vicinity of the receivers as input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐surface seismic properties for elastic wavefield decomposition: Estimates based on multicomponent land and seabed recordings

et al. 2003

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Accurate knowledge of the seismic material properties in the immediate vicinity of the receivers represents a prerequisite for elastic wavefield decomposition. We present strategies for estimating the elastic material properties for both land and seabed multicomponent seismic data. The proposed scheme for land data requires dense multicomponent geophone configurations, which allow spatial wavefield derivatives to be explicitly calculated. The required information can be obtained with four three‐component surface geophones positioned at the corners of a square, and a fifth geophone buried at a shallow depth below the center of the square. The technique yields local estimates of the near‐surface P‐ and S‐wave velocities, but the density cannot be constrained. Using a similar approach for four‐component (three orthogonal components of particle velocity plus pressure) seabed recordings allows the P‐ and S‐wave velocities as well as the density of the seafloor to be estimated. In this case, the proposed scheme does not require buried geophones, and it is applicable to multicomponent data recorded in routine seabed surveys. Compared to existing techniques, the new method allows the elastic sea‐floor properties to be more accurately determined, and it does not rely critically on the inclusion of large‐offset data. Numerical tests indicate that the proposed schemes are robust and yield accurate results, provided that the signal used for the inversion contains sufficient horizontal energy and can be clearly identified and separated from other signals. Although the schemes are designed for application on the first arrivals, they are, in principle, applicable to any data window containing isolated P‐ or S‐arrivals. The proposed scheme is successfully applied to a seabed data set acquired in the North Sea. In contrast, the application on a multicomponent land data set was unsuccessful, because of strong receiver‐to‐receiver variations in amplitude and phase, probably caused by differences in coupling and instrument response.

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Marine multicomponent seismology

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

The seismic property of reef flat in the Changxing-Feixianguan Formation, Northwest Sichuan Province, China

Near‐surface seismic properties for elastic wavefield decomposition: Estimates based on multicomponent land and seabed recordings

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