Marine microbial production of dimethylsulfide from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate

Ledyard, Kathleen M.

doi:10.1575/1912/2063

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The stock solution was stored at -20°C and for each incubation a new stock solution was taken in order to avoid cross-contamination and degradation of the stock during the cruise. Following the incubation protocol of Ledyard (1993), bottles were amended with DMSP d . Additions ranged from 10 to 5000 nmol…”

Section: Incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative importance of demethylation and cleavage varies both temporally and spatially. Enzymatic cleavage can account for 0 to 100% of the DMSP d degraded in the natural environment (Kiene & Service 1991, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a) and the percentage has been suggested to change seasonally (Ledyard 1993). The factors that influence the amount of DMSP d converted to DMS are still not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…or Emiliania huxleyi (Stefels & van Boekel 1993, Stefels & Dijkhuizen 1996, Steinke et al 1998, and in bacteria from various aquatic environments (de Souza & Yoch 1995a, Taylor & Visscher 1996 and references therein). Bacterial cleavage of DMSP d to DMS and acrylic acid seems to be motivated by the use of the latter as a carbon source (Dacey & Blough 1987, Ledyard 1993. By incubating whole surface water communities with additions of DMSP d , it has been shown that enzymatic conversion of DMSP d to DMS is concentration and temperature dependent (Kiene & Service 1991), and follows Michaelis Menten type kinetics (Ledyard 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial cleavage of DMSP d to DMS and acrylic acid seems to be motivated by the use of the latter as a carbon source (Dacey & Blough 1987, Ledyard 1993. By incubating whole surface water communities with additions of DMSP d , it has been shown that enzymatic conversion of DMSP d to DMS is concentration and temperature dependent (Kiene & Service 1991), and follows Michaelis Menten type kinetics (Ledyard 1993). In natural waters, the kinetic parameters K m and V max of DMSP d consumption and DMS production show as yet unexplained variability that could be due to differences in microbial communities on seasonal or spatial scales (Ledyard 1993, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incubating whole surface water communities with additions of DMSP d , it has been shown that enzymatic conversion of DMSP d to DMS is concentration and temperature dependent (Kiene & Service 1991), and follows Michaelis Menten type kinetics (Ledyard 1993). In natural waters, the kinetic parameters K m and V max of DMSP d consumption and DMS production show as yet unexplained variability that could be due to differences in microbial communities on seasonal or spatial scales (Ledyard 1993, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a.Bacterial demethylation of DMSP d to 3-methylmercaptopropionate (MMPA) occurs concurrently with enzymatic cleavage and does not yield DMS (Kiene & Taylor 1988, Taylor & Gilchrist 1991, Kiene 1996. The relative importance of demethylation and cleavage varies both temporally and spatially.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of dimethylsulfide production from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Labrador Sea

Schultes¹,

Levasseur²,

Michaud³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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) throughout the study area. Causal links established with path analysis indicate that this potential seemed to be controlled by water temperature and chlorophyll a concentrations. 202: 27-40, 2000 of sulfur (Lovelock et al. 1972, Andreae 1990, Bates et al. 1992. KEY WORDS: Dimethylsulfide (DMS) · Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) · Production rates · Low temperature · Bacteria · Substrate utilization Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog SerThe main precursor of DMS is dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP, [CH 3 ] 2 S + CH 2 CH 2 COO -), an osmolyte produced by certain groups of macro-and microalgae, similar in structure to the betaines (Vairavamurthy et al. 1985, Blunden & Gordon 1986, see Kirst 1996and Malin & Kirst 1997 for a review). Among phytoplankton, dinoflagellates and prymnesiophytes are known to possess high intracellular DMSP (Keller et al. 1989). Release of DMSP into the water during the exponential growth phase of the algae, i.e. exudation, is considered to be small (Laroche et al. 1999). The formation of an important pool of dissolved DMSP (DMSP d ) in marine surface waters is associated with cell senescence at the end of a bloom (Turner et al. 1988, Matrai & Keller 1993 especially since autolysis of phytoplankton seems to be an important process in the natural environment (Van Boekel et al. 1992, Brussaard et al. 1995. Liberation of DMSP d can furthermore be concomitant with DMS production via cell lysis due to zooplankton grazing (Dacey & Wakeham 1986, Leck et al. 1990) and viral infections (Malin et al. 1994, Bratbak et al. 1995, Hill et al. 1998. In open ocean regions, DMSP d concentrations as high as 200 nmol l -1 have been observed (Malin et al. 1993). In the water column, DMSP d is subject to rapid turnover. A part of the DMSP d undergoes enzymatic cleavage forming DMS and acrylic acid in equimolar amounts (Challenger & Simpson 1948, Cantoni & Anderson 1956). Activity of the enzymes (DMSPlyases) catalyzing the cleavage of DMSP has been observed and characterized in certain algae, for example Phaeocystis sp. or Emiliania huxleyi (Stefels & van Boekel 1993, Stefels & Dijkhuizen 1996, Steinke et al. 1998, and in bacteria from various aquatic environments (de Souza & Yoch 1995a, Taylor & Visscher 1996 and references therein). Bacterial cleavage of DMSP d to DMS and acrylic acid seems to be motivated by the use of the latter as a carbon source (Dacey & Blough 1987, Ledyard 1993. By incubating whole surface water communities with additions of DMSP d , it has been shown that enzymatic conversion of DMSP d to DMS is concentration and temperature dependent (Kiene & Service 1991), and follows Michaelis Menten type kinetics (Ledyard 1993). In natural waters, the kinetic parameters K m and V max of DMSP d consumption and DMS production show as yet unexplained variability that could be due to differences in microbial communities on seasonal or spatial scales (Ledyard 1993, Ledyard & Dacey 1996a.Bacterial demethylation of DMSP d to 3-methylmercaptopr...

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Section: Incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of dimethylsulfide production from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Labrador Sea

Schultes¹,

Levasseur²,

Michaud³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Particle size-fractionated kinetics of DMS production: where does DMSP cleavage occur at the microscale?

Scarratt

Cantin

Levasseur

et al. 2000

Journal of Sea Research

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Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production by size-fractionated particles in the Labrador Sea

Cantin¹,

Levasseur²,

Schultes³

et al. 1999

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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We measured the production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) by size-fractionated particles during a cruise in the Labrador Sea in May-June 1997. The experiments were conducted at 2 stations characterised by low levels of nitrate and high levels of phytoplankton biomass and particulate dirnethylsulfo~~~opropionate (DMSP,). Samples were size fractionated to assess the size distribution of DMSPp and the potential DMS production associated with the different size fractions. The potential for DMS production was estimated by incubating the filters in pre-filtered and boiled seawater amended with 500 nM of dissolved DMSP (DMSPd). At both stations, the highest DMSPp concentrations were measured in the 2 to 11 and >20 1-lm size fractions. Elevated potential net DMS production rates were also associated with these 2 size fractions, w h c h were responsible for 40 to 53% and 23 to 31 % of the cumulative production, respectively. Only 4 "/, of the potential net DMS production was measured in the 0.7 to 2 I.lm fraction, which presumably contained many of the freeliving bacteria. The potential net DMS production rates of the different size fractions were linearly related (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.86) to the concentratlons of DMSPp in the fractions. These results suggest that DMSP-cleaving activity was spatially associated with DMSP-producing algae or DMSP-rich detritus (e.g. faecal pellets, marine snow).

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Marine microbial production of dimethylsulfide from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Dynamics of dimethylsulfide production from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Labrador Sea

Dynamics of dimethylsulfide production from dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Labrador Sea

Particle size-fractionated kinetics of DMS production: where does DMSP cleavage occur at the microscale?

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production by size-fractionated particles in the Labrador Sea

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