Marine Halophytes

Waisel, Y.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-730850-0.50019-2

Cited by 52 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…Thus, some species may develop succulence to various levels in order to maintain a suitable Ψ s (Waisel, 1972). In mangrove species it has been reported that a progressive increase in Na + and Cl -concentration per unit leaf area is almost quantitatively compensated by a similar increase in the leaf water content (W c ), the ion concentration per unit of leaf water thus remaining almost constant (Jennings, 1976;Suárez and Sobrado, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity effects on leaf ion composition and salt secretion rate in Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Suárez

Medina

2008

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The effect of salinity on leaf water relations, and rate and ionic composition of leaf secretion was investigated in plants of Avicennia germinans growing under controlled salinity conditions. Increases in salinity from 0 to 940 mol NaCl m -3 reduced the predawn water potential from -0.56 to -4.16 MPa and the solute potential from -2.27 to -4.48 MPa, whereas the pressure potential remained positive in all treatments. Compared to the control, at 940 mol NaCl m -3 Na + and Cl -concentrations of leaf sap increased 19 and 7 times, respectively. With the addition of salt the main ions accumulated in leaves were Na + and Cl -whereas plants grown without salt accumulated K + in leaves at levels similar to those of Na + with salt treatments. Secretion rates of Na + and Cl -ions increased up to the highest salinity treatment, amounting to 59 and 46 times respectively, compared to control plants. The increase in secretion rate contributed to counteract the increase of salt concentration in the leaf. In the treatments receiving salts, the Na + /K + ratio of leaf sap ranged from 4 to 10, whereas that of the secretion ranged from 24 to 56. The ratio of Cl -vs the rest of anions remained around 3 in the leaf sap of salt-treated plants whereas it varied between 96 and 243 in the secretion. With increasing salinity higher secretion rates maintained the internal ion leaf concentration relatively low. The selective character of the secretion contributes to maintain favourable Na + /K + and Cl -/anion ratios in the leaf cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity effects on leaf ion composition and salt secretion rate in Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Suárez

Medina

2008

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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“…Entretanto, as espécies diferem amplamente em sua concentração absoluta e nas proporções relativas dos diferentes elementos, uma vez que a eficiência de absorção de nutrientes e a preferência por um determinado elemento dependem de um conjunto de fatores internos e externos (Waisel 1972, Larcher 2000. No ecossistema manguezal, a absorção de determinados cátions parece depender da salinidade.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…No ecossistema manguezal, a absorção de determinados cátions parece depender da salinidade. A absorção de Ca, por exemplo, é controlada pelo nível de Na no sedimento (Waisel 1972, Joshi et al 1975, o que, Autor para correspondência: bernini@uenf.br provavelmente, também ocorre em relação à absorção de Mg. A absorção de N e K, por outro lado, parece ser controlada fisiologicamente (Lacerda 1986). No sedimento do manguezal, os teores de nutrientes geralmente variam ao longo da zona intertidal.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Composição química do sedimento e de folhas das espécies do manguezal do estuário do Rio São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brasil

Bernini¹,

Silva²,

Carmo³

et al. 2006

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Chemical composition of sediments and leaves of mangrove species at the São Mateus river estuary, Espírito Santo State, Brazil). We analyzed nutrient concentrations in leaves and sediments, and element accumulation capacity in foliar tissues of Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn., Avicennia schaueriana Staft & Leechm., Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. f. and Rhizophora mangle L. in four sites along the São Mateus River estuary mangrove, Espírito Santo State, SE-Brazil. In sediment, elements decrease following the sequence: Mg > Ca > Fe > K > Mn > P > Zn > Cu and showed inter and intraespecific variation. Avicennia leaves showed the greatest N, K and Mg concentrations and lowest Ca concentrations. Rhizophora mangle presented the greatest Mn concentration, and Laguncularia racemosa the greatest Fe level. Sediment nutrient concentrations reflected the influence of granulometry in this compartment. Nutrient accumulation in leaves varied according to species and study site but it was not correlated with sediment concentrations. Results confirmed the mangrove role as a biogeochemistry barrier blocking heavy metal up to tropical coastal areas. However, it is necessary periodic sampling so that it can be possible a better understanding of the nutrient dynamic.Key words -heavy metals, leaves, mangrove, nutrients RESUMO -(Composição química do sedimento e de folhas das espécies do manguezal do estuário do Rio São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brasil). As concentrações de nutrientes das folhas e do sedimento e a capacidade de acumulação de elementos químicos dos tecidos foliares das espécies Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn., Avicennia schaueriana Staft & Leechm., Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. f. e Rhizophora mangle L. foram analisadas em quatro estações de estudo no manguezal do estuário do Rio São Mateus, no Estado do Espírito Santo. De modo geral, os elementos determinados no sedimento seguiram a ordem: Mg > Ca > Fe > K > Mn > P > Zn > Cu, apresentando variações inter e intraespecíficas. No tecido foliar, as espécies de Avicennia apresentaram maiores teores de N, K e Mg e menores concentrações de Ca. Rhizophora mangle exibiu maior concentração de Mn e Laguncularia racemosa, maior teor de Fe em relação às demais espécies. Os resultados demonstraram que a concentração de nutrientes do sedimento refletiu a influência da granulometria neste compartimento. O acúmulo de nutrientes nas folhas variou de acordo com a espécie e estação de estudo, mas não refletiu as concentrações do sedimento. Os dados confirmaram o papel do manguezal como barreira biogeoquímica ao trânsito de metais pesados. Entretanto, torna-se desejável uma amostragem periódica para um melhor entendimento da dinâmica de nutrientes.Palavras-chave -folhas, manguezal, metais pesados, nutrientes IntroduçãoO conhecimento da dinâmica e da estrutura dos ecossistemas demanda a compreensão dos teores de nutrientes, sua distribuição nas plantas e no solo, processos de ciclagem e fluxos de entrada e de saída (Hay & Lacerda 1984). A comunidade vegetal representa p...

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“…Depending on tolerance to salt, plants can be divided into four categories (Tsopa 1939in Waisel 1972. They are (1) obligatory halophytesplants requiring salinity throughout their life, (2) preferential halophytes -plants show optimum growth in saline habitats, despite their appearance in non-saline habitats, (3) supporting halophytesnon-aggressive plants which are capable of growing in saline, (4) accidental halophytes -plant which grow in marsh saline habitats only accidentally.…”

Section: Species Tolerance Of Woody Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt-tolerant trees usable for Central European cities - Review

Šerá¹

2017

Hortic. Sci.

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The present text is focused on an actual problem of planting of inappropriate tree taxa in many cities. It explains the causes of contaminated soils by winter salt management and principles of the toxic effect on plants. The paper summarizes the problem and brings solution. Town places with salt-contaminated soil should not be fitted with: spruce (Picea), pine (Pinus), linden (Tilia) and maples (Acer). On the other hand, resistant species are: ash (Fraxinus), poplar (Populus), willow (Salix), silverberry (Eleagnus), black locust (Robinia). Both lists of sensitive and salt-tolerant tree species have been presented. Salt-tolerant tree should be preferred before all the others species.

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Marine Halophytes

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Salinity effects on leaf ion composition and salt secretion rate in Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Salinity effects on leaf ion composition and salt secretion rate in Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Composição química do sedimento e de folhas das espécies do manguezal do estuário do Rio São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brasil

Salt-tolerant trees usable for Central European cities - Review

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