Marine Extreme Habitats

Pachiadaki, Maria; Edgcomb, Virginia P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-90383-1_14

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…These microbes are often adapted to high salinities, as suggested by the high expression of genes involved in the synthesis and transport of organic and inorganic osmoprotectants (Pachiadaki et al, 2014). Brine microbes may form dense (circa 10 6 cells ml -1 ) and highly productive populations at the brine interface (also known as pycnocline, halocline, or chemocline), whereas in the deeper parts of brines their activity may be limited due to energetic constraints, and lean on fermentation, acetogenesis and methanogenesis (Lazar, 2020; Mwirichia et al, 2016; Pachiadaki and Edgcomb, 2022; Schuchmann and Müller, 2014; Steinle et al, 2018; Yakimov et al, 2013, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diverse bacteria and archaea thrive at brine pools and lakes, driving dark productivity and nutrient turnover (Borin et al, 2009;Daffonchio et al, 2006;Joye et al, 2009;Kormas et al, 2015;Merlino et al, 2018;Nigro et al, 2020;Pachiadaki and Edgcomb, 2022;Pachiadaki et al, 2014;Steinle et al, 2018;Yakimov et al, 2013Yakimov et al, , 2015Zhang et al, 2016). These microbes are often adapted to high salinities, as suggested by the high expression of genes involved in the synthesis and transport of organic and inorganic osmoprotectants (Pachiadaki et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brine microbes may form dense (circa 10 6 cells ml -1 ) and highly productive populations at the brine interface (also known as pycnocline, halocline, or chemocline), whereas in the deeper parts of brines their activity may be limited due to energetic constraints, and lean on fermentation, acetogenesis and methanogenesis (Lazar, 2020;Mwirichia et al, 2016;Pachiadaki and Edgcomb, 2022;Schuchmann and Müller, 2014;Steinle et al, 2018;Yakimov et al, 2013Yakimov et al, , 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active microbial communities facilitate carbon turnover in brine pools found in the deep Southeastern Mediterranean Sea

Rubin-Blum,

Makovsky,

Rahav

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Discharge of gas-rich brines fuels productive chemosynthetic ecosystems in the deep sea. In these salty, methanic and sulfidic brines, microbial communities adapt to specific niches along the physicochemical gradients. However, the molecular mechanisms that underpin these adaptations are not fully known. Using metagenomics, we investigated the dense (∼106cell ml-1) microbial communities that occupy small deep-sea brine pools found in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea (1150 m water depth, ∼22°C, ∼60 PSU salinity, sulfide, methane, ammonia reaching millimolar levels, and oxygen usually depleted), reaching high productivity rates of 685 µg C L-1d-1ex-situ. We curated 266 metagenome-assembled genomes of bacteria and archaea from the several pools and adjacent sediment-water interface, highlighting the dominance of a singleSulfurimonas, which likely fuels its autotrophy using sulfide oxidation or inorganic sulfur disproportionation. This lineage may be dominant in its niche due to genome streamlining, limiting its metabolic repertoire, particularly by using a single variant of sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase. These primary producers co-exist with ANME-2c archaea that catalyze the anaerobic oxidation of methane. Other lineages can degrade the necromass aerobically (HalomonasandAlcanivorax), or anaerobically through fermentation of macromolecules (e.g., Caldatribacteriota, Bipolaricaulia, Chloroflexota, etc). These low-abundance organisms likely support the autotrophs, providing energy-rich H2, and vital organics such as vitamin B12.

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