“…Bull Rays are especially susceptible to over-fishing because they frequently forage in nearshore environments and may aggregate in small schools (SECK et al, 2002;SERENA, 2005). The consequences of coastal overfishing on large-bodied elasmobranchs may be catastrophic due to their distinct biological characteristics (long-lived species, low productivity, close stock-recruitment relationships and slow stock recovery in the event of over-fishing) (MUSICK et al, 2001). Elasmobranchs, taken as by-catch in fisheries targeting other species, could be extirpated long before appropriate management policies could be implemented (BONFIL, 1994;WALKER, 1998;CASTRO et al, 1999).…”