Marine chemical ecology in benthic environments

Paul, Valerie J.; Ritson‐Williams, Raphael; Sharp, Koty

doi:10.1039/c0np00040j

Cited by 136 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 268 publications

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“…Over this period of time, several comprehensive reviews have been published on the properties of AF compounds Fusetani 2011), larval settlement (Hadfield 2010;Thiyagarajan 2010), properties of epibiotic bacteria Penesyan et al 2010;Harder et al 2012;Wahl et al 2012) and chemical ecology (Paul & Ritson-Williams 2008;Paul et al 2011). Interference with microbial QS as a mechanism to control marine biofilms has been the subject of another recent review ); therefore, this topic has been excluded from this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-review: Inhibition of biofouling by marine microorganisms

2013

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Any natural or artificial substratum exposed to seawater is quickly fouled by marine microorganisms and later by macrofouling species. Microfouling organisms on the surface of a substratum form heterogenic biofilms, which are composed of multiple species of heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria, diatoms, protozoa and fungi. Biofilms on artificial structures create serious problems for industries worldwide, with effects including an increase in drag force and metal corrosion as well as a reduction in heat transfer efficiency. Additionally, microorganisms produce chemical compounds that may induce or inhibit settlement and growth of other fouling organisms. Since the last review by the first author on inhibition of biofouling by marine microbes in 2006, significant progress has been made in the field. Several antimicrobial, antialgal and antilarval compounds have been isolated from heterotrophic marine bacteria, cyanobacteria and fungi. Some of these compounds have multiple bioactivities. Microorganisms are able to disrupt biofilms by inhibition of bacterial signalling and production of enzymes that degrade bacterial signals and polymers. Epibiotic microorganisms associated with marine algae and invertebrates have a high antifouling (AF) potential, which can be used to solve biofouling problems in industry. However, more information about the production of AF compounds by marine microorganisms in situ and their mechanisms of action needs to be obtained. This review focuses on the AF activity of marine heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria and fungi and covers publications from 2006 up to the end of 2012.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-review: Inhibition of biofouling by marine microorganisms

2013

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“…However, whether seaweeds also have the ability to induce chemical defences against competitors (i.e. allelochemicals) remains unknown [6]. Because seaweeds frequently interact not only with herbivores but also with competitors and pathogens, a better understanding of how processes other than herbivory affect the expression of seaweed defences is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition induces allelopathy but suppresses growth and anti-herbivore defence in a chemically rich seaweed

Rasher

Hay

2014

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Many seaweeds and terrestrial plants induce chemical defences in response to herbivory, but whether they induce chemical defences against competitors (allelopathy) remains poorly understood. We evaluated whether two tropical seaweeds induce allelopathy in response to competition with a reef-building coral. We also assessed the effects of competition on seaweed growth and seaweed chemical defence against herbivores. Following 8 days of competition with the coral Porites cylindrica, the chemically rich seaweed Galaxaura filamentosa induced increased allelochemicals and became nearly twice as damaging to the coral. However, it also experienced significantly reduced growth and increased palatability to herbivores (because of reduced chemical defences). Under the same conditions, the seaweed Sargassum polycystum did not induce allelopathy and did not experience a change in growth or palatability. This is the first demonstration of induced allelopathy in a seaweed, or of competitors reducing seaweed chemical defences against herbivores. Our results suggest that the chemical ecology of coral-seaweed-herbivore interactions can be complex and nuanced, highlighting the need to incorporate greater ecological complexity into the study of chemical defence.

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“…Also, further studies, such as those regarding antifouling and cytotoxicity activities, are needed to determine the ecological relevance of these mechanisms in Antarctic environments. Moreover, the bulk of the research in chemical ecology has been done on the phylum Porifera (Paul et al, 2011) compared to the few studies carried out in other phyla, such as Bryozoa, Annelida, Nemertea and Hemichordata, which are quite understudied. To fully understand this "chemical network", we will expand our studies to more types of experiments and more organisms during the development of our current project, ACTIQUIM-II.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%