Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans

Wohl, Charel; Li, Qinyi; Cuevas, Carlos A.; Fernández, Rafael P.; Yang, Mingxi; Saiz‐Lopez, Alfonso; Simó, Rafel

doi:10.1126/sciadv.add9031

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(165 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a result, uncertainty in the vertical distributions of chlorophyll and isoprene concentration under sea surface microlayer may lead to the uncertainty in the estimation of marine isoprene emission. Furthermore, previous observations detected notable VOCs emissions in the Arctic region and highlatitude South Ocean during winter (Abbatt et al, 2019;Wohl et al, 2023). These emissions may be underestimated in our model due to the limitations of satellite data.…”

Section: Data Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Enhanced dataset of global marine isoprene emission from biogenic and photochemical processes for the period 2001–2020

Cui

Xiao

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Isoprene is a crucial non-methane biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) that exhibits the largest emissions globally. It is chemically reactive in the atmosphere and serves as the primary source to generate of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in terrestrial and remote marine regions. However, a comprehensive estimation of marine isoprene emissions is currently lacking. Here we built a module to present a twenty-year (2001–2020) global hourly dataset for marine isoprene emissions, including phytoplankton-generated biological emissions (BIO emissions) and photochemistry-generated emissions in the sea surface microlayer (SML emissions) based on the latest advancements in biological, physical, and chemical processes, with high spatial and temporal resolutions. The ERA5-hourly meteorological reanalysis (0.25°×0.25° horizontal spatial resolution) from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the period of 2001–2020 were used as input for meteorological factors. Chlorophyll concentration data and the downwelling radiative flux diffuse attenuation coefficient data were collected from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Ocean Color Web MODIS Level-3 data, with a resolution of 9 km, covering the same period. Additionally, monthly normalized water-leaving radiance at 410 nm data from the Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) were provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Our dataset suggests the annual global marine isoprene emissions amount to 1.049 ± 0.009 Tg·yr-1. Among these, the BIO emissions are 0.433 ± 0.007 Tg·yr-1 while SML emissions contribute 0.616 ± 0.003 Tg·yr-1. The ability of this module to estimate marine isoprene emissions was evaluated through comparison with a series of observations of marine isoprene concentrations and emission fluxes. Annual total isoprene emission across tropical ocean shows a declining trend from 2001 to 2020. Most ocean regions exhibit a one-year emission period, whereas a significant intraseasonal period is found in the tropical ocean. This dataset can be employed as input for the simulation of marine SOA formation in earth system models. This work provides the foundation for further studies into the impact of the air-sea system on marine SOA formation and its climate effect. The DOI link for the dataset is http://dx.doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.300521 (Cui and Zhu., 2023).

show abstract

Section: Data Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Enhanced dataset of global marine isoprene emission from biogenic and photochemical processes for the period 2001–2020

Cui

Xiao

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, multiple studies have reported that isoprene and other VOCs are emitted in marine environments at higher rates than previously thought 24,25,31 . This could help explain the observed concentrations of VOC oxidation products and aerosol precursors, such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal, from marine sources 32,33 , and help close the OH budget over marine regions 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A potential driver of this low bias is the suppression of OH by other VOCs present in the atmosphere but not included in the simulations 24,25 . However, we ruled this out with simulations where a dummy species, which reacts with OH at half the rate of OH+isoprene and does not regenerate OH, is included with the same (TI_MI_-MEAN_D_sink) and 100 times (TI_MI_MEAN_D_sink_100x) the emissions of marine isoprene.…”

Section: Model -Observation Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric isoprene measurements reveal larger-than-expected Southern Ocean emissions

Harris,

Ferracci,

Weber

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isoprene is a key trace component of the atmosphere emitted by vegetation and other organisms. It is highly reactive and can impact atmospheric composition and climate by affecting the greenhouse gases ozone and methane and secondary organic aerosol formation. Marine fluxes are poorly constrained due to the paucity of long-term measurements; this in turn limits our understanding of isoprene cycling in the ocean. Here we present the analysis of isoprene concentrations in the atmosphere measured across the Southern Ocean over 4 months in the summertime. Some of the highest concentrations (> 500 ppt) originated from the marginal ice zone (MIZ) in the Ross and Amundsen seas, indicating the MIZ is a significant source of isoprene at high latitudes. Using the global chemistry-climate model UKESM1 we show that current estimates of sea-to-air isoprene fluxes underestimate observed isoprene by a factor >20. A daytime source of isoprene is required to reconcile models with observations. The model presented here suggests such an increase in isoprene emissions would lead to >8% decrease in the hydroxyl radical in regions of the Southern Ocean, with implications for our understanding of atmospheric oxidation and composition in remote environments, often used as proxies for the pre-industrial atmosphere.

show abstract

“…In recent years, multiple studies have reported that isoprene and other VOCs are emitted in marine environments at higher rates than previously thought 24,25,31 . This could help explain the observed concentrations of VOC oxidation products and aerosol precursors, such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal, from marine sources 32 , and help close the OH budget over marine regions 33 .…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Atmospheric isoprene measurements reveal larger-than-expected Southern Ocean emissions

Ferracci,

Weber,

Bolas

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isoprene is a key trace component of the atmosphere emitted by vegetation and other organisms. It is highly reactive and can impact atmospheric composition and climate by affecting the greenhouse gases ozone and methane and secondary organic aerosol formation. Marine emissions are poorly constrained due to the paucity of long-term measurements: this in turn limits our understanding of isoprene cycling in the ocean. Here we present the analysis of isoprene concentrations in the atmosphere measured across the Southern Ocean over 4 months in the summertime. The highest concentrations originated from the marginal ice zone (MIZ) in the Ross and Amundsen seas, indicating the MIZ is a significant source of isoprene at high latitudes. Using the global chemistry-climate model UKESM1 we show that current estimates of sea-to-air isoprene fluxes underestimate observed isoprene by a factor > 20. A daytime source of isoprene is required to reconcile models with observations. Increased isoprene emissions would lead to > 8% decrease in the hydroxyl radical in regions of the Southern Ocean, with implications for our understanding of atmospheric oxidation and composition in remote environments, often used as proxies for the pre-industrial atmosphere.

show abstract

Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans

Cited by 19 publications

References 91 publications

Enhanced dataset of global marine isoprene emission from biogenic and photochemical processes for the period 2001–2020

Enhanced dataset of global marine isoprene emission from biogenic and photochemical processes for the period 2001–2020

Atmospheric isoprene measurements reveal larger-than-expected Southern Ocean emissions

Atmospheric isoprene measurements reveal larger-than-expected Southern Ocean emissions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About