Marine bacteria and fungi as promising source for new antibiotics

Abstract

Natural products and derivatives thereof are of considerable importance in the discovery of new pharmaceuticals, for example, for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, inflammation diseases, and infection diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. The great biodiversity of marine microorganisms is reflected in their huge chemical diversity, which provides a rich source of biologically active compounds. An increasing interest in marine microorganisms as promising producers of new compounds with potential medical applications has raised increasing interest in the sustainable exploration of marine microbial resources for the discovery of new antibiotics, which is highlighted. The bottlenecks in the development of drugs using the large marine natural product pipeline are also discussed.

Identification and Characterization of Nematicidal Volatile Organic Compounds from Deep-Sea Virgibacillus dokdonensis MCCC 1A00493

“…Oceans cover more than 70% of the Earth's surface, and this proportion represents more than 95% of the biosphere by volume [28]. Deep-sea bacteria are abundant microbial resources found in these water bodies.…”

Isolation and identification of indole acetic acid producing bacteria from the coasts of Ben Tre and Tra Vinh Provinces

“…Numerous studies have reported IAA-producing salt tolerant bacteria from rice plants (Nguyen Van Minh, 2017), and from the soil of riceshrimp farming systems in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam (Nguyen Khoi Nghia et al, 2017). Almost all the studies on marine bacteria have typically focused on their antibiotic (Wiese & Imhoff, 2019); degradation capability of plastic (Urbanek et al, 2018), oil (Farag et al, 2018, and petroleum hydrocarbon (Mahjoubi et al, 2018). Research on plant growth promoting activity of marine bacteria is limited.…”

Antibiotics Development and the Potentials of Marine-Derived Compounds to Stem the Tide of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria, Fungi, and Protozoa

“…These novel chemicals with pharmaceutical potential are being sourced from bacteria, fungi, invertebrate-associated microbes, algae, sponge, coral, cnidarian, arthropods, echinoderms, fishes, crabs, ascidians, molluscs, and bryozoan. Researchers are exploring different oceanic environments with different temperatures, tides, salt concentration, and depth [13,14].…”

“…Research in marine natural products has resulted in the isolation and identification of numerous diverse, as well as novel, chemical compounds with potent pharmaceutical importance. Some of these compounds have been classified into alkaloids, lactones, phenols, quinones, tannins, terpenes, glycosides, halogenated, polyketides, xanthones, macrocycles, peptides, and fatty acids [13,14]. All these are geared towards discovering and isolating unique compounds with therapeutic potential.…”

“…An aromatic polyketides-producing fungus, Penicillium sp. SCSIO 06720 (Indian Ocean), produced 5-[2-hydroxypropane-1-yl]-2,6-dimethlben-zene-1,3-diol (1) and coniochaetone L (2), together with another 19 known compounds (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Only compound 16 exhibited moderate antibacterial activities, including against MRSA-shh-1 at MIC of 46.9 ± 29.7 µg/mL [81].…”