Marine anoxia linked to abrupt global warming during Earth’s penultimate icehouse

Chen, Jitao; Montañez, Isabel P.; Zhang, Shuang; Isson, Terry T.; Macarewich, Sophia; Planavsky, Noah J.; Zhang, Feifei; Rauzi, Sofia; Daviau, Kierstin; Yao, Le; Qi, Yuping; Wang, Yue; Fan, Junxuan; Poulsen, Christopher J.; Anbar, Ariel D.; Shen, Shiwen; Wang, Xiang-Dong

doi:10.1073/pnas.2115231119

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“… 4 ), model reconstruction represent the δ 13 C of surface DIC offset by +0.5 ‰; E marine pH (ref. 11 ); F fraction seafloor anoxia derived from 93 ; G f rw_m-a (left) and f rw_s-a (right) as presented in Fig. 6 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine siliceous ecosystem decline led to sustained anomalous Early Triassic warmth

et al. 2022

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In the wake of rapid CO2 release tied to the emplacement of the Siberian Traps, elevated temperatures were maintained for over five million years during the end-Permian biotic crisis. This protracted recovery defies our current understanding of climate regulation via the silicate weathering feedback, and hints at a fundamentally altered carbon and silica cycle. Here, we propose that the development of widespread marine anoxia and Si-rich conditions, linked to the collapse of the biological silica factory, warming, and increased weathering, was capable of trapping Earth’s system within a hyperthermal by enhancing ocean-atmosphere CO2 recycling via authigenic clay formation. While solid-Earth degassing may have acted as a trigger, subsequent biotic feedbacks likely exacerbated and prolonged the environmental crisis. This refined view of the carbon-silica cycle highlights that the ecological success of siliceous organisms exerts a potentially significant influence on Earth’s climate regime.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine siliceous ecosystem decline led to sustained anomalous Early Triassic warmth

et al. 2022

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“…From a longer-time scale, the decline of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio during the LPIA has already begun since the Late Carboniferous (McArthur and Howarth, 2004;Kani et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2018). Glacial maximum period (Late Carboniferous-Early Permian) could explain the decrease of crustal-derived Sr to some extent (Chen et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2022). However, it is difficult to provide a reasonable explanation for the continuous decline of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios within the glacial continuous weakening process (Middle Permian).…”

Section: Dominant Cause Of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr Ratios' Variation During the ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Guadalupian–early Lopingian marine geochemical records from the Upper Yangtze, South China: Implications for climate-biocrisis events

Sun²,

Xia³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Major paleoenvironmental changes occurred during the Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB) transition, but the causative linkages among the Emeishan Large Igneous Province (LIP), end-Guadalupian crisis and climatic fluctuations are still in dispute. Variation of geochemical proxies preserved in the sedimentary records is important evidence in examining potential links between volcanisms and environmental changes. Herein, we carried out a comprehensive study of carbon/strontium isotope and trace element geochemistry at the Dukou section, northern margin of the Upper Yangtze. During the Late Guadalupian, the carbon isotope showed a negative drift, the marine primary productivity declined simultaneously, and redox proxies indicate the enhancement of ocean oxidation. It is worth noting that the δ13Ccarb turns into a rapid negative drift from a slow decline at approximately 260.55 Ma, which was almost synchronized with the latest reported eruption ages of Emeishan Large Igneous Province. This coincidence suggests that global volcanic-tectonic activity during the Late Guadalupian might have been the important factor in carbon-cycle perturbation. Subsequently, the δ13Ccarb presents a rapid positive shift at approximately 259.4 Ma, and climate transformed from interglacial to P4 glacial, indicating that the climate rapidly cooled before the Emeishan LIP completely ended, which may be due to carbon sinks caused by weathering of mafic rocks, and may also be associated with a significant reduction in global volcanic activity. Accompanied by sudden weathering attenuation, the 87Sr/86Sr ratios show a significant increase instead from the previous long-time low value, which only can be explained reasonably by the rapid decline in mantle-derived Sr flux associated with the weakening of volcanic activity and mafic weathering. Intergrated geochemical indices in this interval shows that there is a rapid climate perturbation associated with a significant δ13Ccarb negative shift at approximately 260.55 Ma ∼ 259.10 Ma, which may be related to the eruption surge of the Emeishan LIP, active volcanic arcs, and triggered the end-Guadalupian biocrisis.

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“…The latest Carboniferous event (300-299 Ma) was one of the most acute and associated with unrecoverable ice across large regions of Gondwana and suggests a late Carboniferous apex of the LPIA (Chen et al, 2016;Griffis et al, 2019;Chen et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The late Carboniferous was a period of pronounced climatic change associated with periods of near doubling of pCO2 from middle-Carboniferous lows, the repeated turnover of plant communities across the Euramerican tropics, ocean anoxia accompanied by widespread deposition of black shales in marine depositional basins, and the loss of glaciogenic deposits across much of southern Gondwana (Cleal et al, 2005;Moñtanez and Poulsen 2013;Moñtanez et al, 2016;Richey et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2022). Southern Gondwana depositional basins record a rich archive of the response to late Paleozoic climatic forcing, with many basins transitioning from ice proximal and sub-glacial to ice-free or ice distal reservoirs by the late Carboniferous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Carboniferous apex for the late Paleozoic icehouse

Griffis

Mundil

Montañez

et al. 2023

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Icehouse climate systems occur across an abbreviated portion of Earth history, comprising ∼25% of the Phanerozoic record. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) was the most extreme and longest lasting glaciation of the Phanerozoic and is characterized by periods of acute continental scale glaciation, separated by periods of ice minima or ice-free conditions on the order of <10 6 years. The late Paleozoic glaciogenic record of the Paraná and Kalahari basins of southern Gondwana form one of the largest, best preserved, and well calibrated records of this glaciation. In the Carboniferous, the eastern and southern margins of the Paraná Basin and the Kalahari Basin were characterized by subglacial conditions, with evidence for continental and upland glaciers. In the latest Carboniferous, these basins transitioned from subglacial reservoirs to ice-free conditions evidenced by the widespread deposition of marine deposits juxtaposed on subglacial bedforms. High-precision U-Pb zircon CA-TIMS geochronologic constraints from volcanic ash deposits in the deglacial marine black shales of the Kalahari Basin and from fluvial and coal successions, which overlie marine deposits in the Paraná, indicate subglacial evidence in these regions is constrained to the Carboniferous. The loss of ice in these regions is congruent with a late Carboniferous peak in p CO 2 and widespread marine anoxia in the late Carboniferous. The permeant retreat of glaciers in basinal settings, despite an early Permian p CO 2 nadir, highlight the influence of short-term perturbations on the longer-term CO 2 record and suggests an ice-threshold had been crossed in the latest Carboniferous. A definitive driver for greenhouse gases in the LPIA, such as abundant and sustained volcanic activity or an increased biologic pump driven by ocean fertilization, is unresolved for this period. Lastly, the proposed Carboniferous apex for the high-latitude LPIA record is incongruent with observations from the low-latitude tropics where an early Permian peak is proposed.

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Marine anoxia linked to abrupt global warming during Earth’s penultimate icehouse

Cited by 31 publications

References 82 publications

Marine siliceous ecosystem decline led to sustained anomalous Early Triassic warmth

Marine siliceous ecosystem decline led to sustained anomalous Early Triassic warmth

Late Guadalupian–early Lopingian marine geochemical records from the Upper Yangtze, South China: Implications for climate-biocrisis events

A Carboniferous apex for the late Paleozoic icehouse

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