Marine algae Sargassum horneri bioactive factor stimulates osteoblastogenesis and suppresses osteoclastogenesis in vitro

Abstract

IntroductionBone homeostasis is maintained through a balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Bone loss is induced due to decreased osteoblastic bone formation and increased osteoclastic bone resorption with various pathologic states. Osteoporosis with its accompanying decrease in bone mass is widely recognised as a major health problem. Nutritional and functional food factors may play a role in preventing bone loss with aging. Materials and methodsThis study was undertaken to determine the effect of marine algae Sargassum horneri extract on osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Results S. horneri extract enhanced bone morphogenic protein-2 or transforming growth factor-β1-induced Smad activation, measured by Sma-d4-luciferase reporter assay in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The extract also depressed tumour necrosis factor-α-induced increase in osteoblastic nuclear factor-Marine algae Sargassum horneri bioactive factor stimulates osteoblastogenesis and suppresses kappa B-luciferase activity and receptor activator of nuclear factorkappa B-ligand-induced increase in pre-osteoclastic nuclear factorkappa B-luciferase activity. ConclusionThis study demonstrates that an extract of S. horneri does have an effect on osteoblastogenesis and ost-eoclastogenesis in vitro.

Inaugural editorial for integrative food, nutrition and metabolism

“…S. horneri active component (10 and 25 μg/ml) was found to potently enhance mineralization in both MC3T3 cells [27]. The S. horneri extract (25-100 μg/ml of medium) did not have a significant effect on cell number of MC3T3-E1 cells with culture [27]. S. horneri active component did not appear to mediate direct toxic effects on the cultures as cells were proliferated robustly over the culture period, and were still alive and visibly attached to the plate at the end of the experiment [27].…”

“…Preosteoblastic cells were differentiated into mineralizing osteoblasts in the presence of S. horneri active component in culture with mineralizing medium for 21 days in vitro [27]. S. horneri active component (10 and 25 μg/ml) was found to potently enhance mineralization in both MC3T3 cells [27]. The S. horneri extract (25-100 μg/ml of medium) did not have a significant effect on cell number of MC3T3-E1 cells with culture [27].…”

“…The direct effect of S. horneri active component on bone formation and mineralization has been examined using bone tissues and MC3T3 preosteoblastic cells in vitro [26,27]. Preosteoblastic cells were differentiated into mineralizing osteoblasts in the presence of S. horneri active component in culture with mineralizing medium for 21 days in vitro [27]. S. horneri active component (10 and 25 μg/ml) was found to potently enhance mineralization in both MC3T3 cells [27].…”

“…Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) such as BMP-2 are anabolic agents that signal through the Smad signaling pathway [24]. The effect of S. horneri extract on basal and BMP-2-induced Smad activation has been shown using a Smad 4-luciferase reporter responsive to all Smad species [27]. S. horneri active component did not have a direct effect on basal Smad activation.…”

Bioactive Compounds from Marine Organisms: Potential for Bone Growth and Healing

“…Whilst fucoidan is one of the better known bioactives, there are other marine algae extracts that also have an effect on bone homeostasis. Extracts from the brown algae Sargassum horneri are known to stimulate osteoblastogenesis and inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro in preosteoblastic and monocytic cell lines [ 24 ]. Similar in vitro and in vivo work was conducted using rat femoral tissues, which demonstrated the ability of S. horneri extracts to increase their bone calcium content [ 83 ] and inhibit bone resorption [ 84 ].…”