Marine Actinomycetes as potential source for histone deacetylase inhibitors and epigenetic modulation

Abstract

Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are epigenetic enzymes that regulate the deacetylation in lysine group on a histone, and thus regulate the gene expression. The HDAC inhibitors are reported to promote apoptosis on tumour cells, thus become clinically important drug target. Several studies have addressed the identification of putative HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents for cancer and until now those cleared phase III human trials are very limited. This study attempts to investigate the chemical diversity found in marine Actinomycetes towards negative HDAC modulation, which could be used individually or in combination as anti-cancerous and other therapeutic measure.

Bioprospecting from cultivable bacterial communities of marine sediment and invertebrates from the underexplored Ubatuba region of Brazil

“…The heat-shock method was clearly the most productive pretreatment applied to the invertebrate samples. This approach has been reported to control the over growth of non-actinomycete colonies on isolation plates (Varghese et al 2015). In our study, the heat-shock method reduced the growth of unwanted bacteria and allowed the unfettered growth of more interesting isolates.…”

Heliomycin and tetracinomycin D: anthraquinone derivatives with histone deacetylase inhibitory activity from marine sponge-associated Streptomyces sp. SP9

“…The crude extract of SP9 isolated from Pseudoceratina arabica exhibited the most potent HDAC inhibition of 64 and 81% at 50 and 100 µg/ml, respectively. From the literature, several actinomycetes crude extracts exhibited potent HDAC activity (Varghese et al 2015).…”

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors from Marine Invertebrates

“…Among the enzymatic inhibitors searched in extracts from marine organisms, a focus has been put on HDACis for their wide range of biomedical applications. Natural inhibitors have been isolated from aquatic microorganisms [89,90], and, as documented by the studies presented in this review, also, marine invertebrates have contributed with a number of compounds displaying impairing properties of various potency towards HDACs, demosponges being the most investigated to date. Table 1 reports a schematic outline of the procedures used for the extraction, isolation, and identification of the HDACis from the marine organisms, whereas Table 2 summarizes, in a synoptic way, the invertebrate species, the isolated molecules, and their observed effects discussed in the text.…”