Marijuana and Psychosis: Policy Implications for Treatment Providers

Bagot, Kara; Chang, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.05.010

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This may have some impact on the risk of psychosis though the risk is currently unknown. 26,27 Previous reviews on cannabis use and relationship with psychosis did not differentiate between adolescent cannabis use and use in adulthood. [28][29][30] Two reviews which assessed association between adolescent cannabis use and psychosis did not assess for any factors that may moderate this relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis use in Adolescence and Risk of Psychosis: Are there Factors that Moderate this Relationship? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Previous research has reported increased risk for psychosis among individuals who use cannabis during adolescence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the interaction between adolescent cannabis use and other factors in moderating risk for psychosis later in life. Method We searched four electronic databases in June 2020 for articles that assessed adolescent cannabis use, had psychosis as an outcome and analyzed for the association between adolescent cannabis use and psychosis. Analysis was done using random-effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis. Results A total of 63 studies were included in the narrative review and 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Adolescent cannabis use was found to increase risk for psychosis (RR = 1.71 (95%CI, 1.47–2.00, p < 0.00001) and predict earlier onset of psychosis. The following factors moderate the relationship between cannabis use and the risk of psychosis: age of onset of cannabis use, frequent cannabis use, exposure to childhood trauma, concurrent use of other substances and genetic factors. Conclusion Adolescent cannabis use is associated with an increased risk for psychosis later in life. In addition, there are factors that moderate this relationship; therefore there is a need for research to assess the interaction between these factors, adolescent cannabis use and psychosis risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis use in Adolescence and Risk of Psychosis: Are there Factors that Moderate this Relationship? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…A cross-national study of 38 countries confirmed this finding, noting that the increase was only detectable after 5 years and then mainly in girls 9 . Further, although adolescent use remains criminalised in US states where marijuana use has been legalised for adults, decriminalisation has led to decreases in possession and felony arrests among adolescents as well as reduction of associated juvenile-justice involvement 10 . It has also been shown in a 20-country comparison that cannabis law liberalisation leads to increased help-seeking behaviour for people with drug problems, an encouraging finding suggesting that if some of the savings made as a result of the discontinuation of prohibition policies were put into increasing and improving drug services, any negative effects might be significantly reduced 11 …”

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confidence: 81%

Against the stream: drugs policy needs to be turned on its head

Meacher

2018

BJPsych Bull

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SummaryHumans have always used mind-altering drugs. However, in 1961 the United Nations approved the Single Convention, under which the production, sale or possession of a number of drugs, including heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and cannabis, became illegal. The prohibitionist regime was then introduced by most countries around the world and has substantially remained in place ever since. Some countries, particularly those in Latin America, have never criminalised the use of cannabis. A small number of countries have introduced more liberal policies. This article examines the evidence of the consequences of policy liberalisation and argues that there is now a clear case for every country to examine its drug policies and to introduce evidence-based policies with a public health focus.Declaration of interestNone.

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“…3 With recent increases in cannabis use among 8th-12th graders to 24% in 2017 and the changing topography of marijuana legalization, Milman's original concerns about marijuana use among adolescents at risk for psychotic disorders remains valid 50 years later. 4 Stephanie N. Ferrin, MD Mary A. Ott, MD, MA Division of Adolescent Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%