Marijuana and lung diseases

Joshi, Manish; Joshi, Anita; Bartter, Thaddeus

doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000026

“…35,36 We found no evidence of variation in alcohol use risk across medical conditions, but some evidence of condition-varying risk for marijuana use, which was least prevalent among youth with asthma and cystic fibrosis, as might be expected given the exacerbating effects of smoking on respiratory function. 37,38 Marijuana use also was relatively low among youth with arthritis. Confirming and understanding condition-varying risks for marijuana use is important to understanding outcomes and merits additional investigation; marijuana use may ameliorate symptoms for some conditions, confounding treatment effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and Marijuana Use and Treatment Nonadherence Among Medically Vulnerable Youth

Weitzman

¹

,

Ziemnik

²

,

Huang

³

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Adolescents face peak risks for onset and intensification of alcohol and marijuana use. However, we know little about these behaviors and their associations with knowledge or treatment adherence among chronically ill youth, a medically vulnerable group.METHODS: Cross-sectional assessment of consented youth ages 9 to 18 years receiving care for asthma/cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes, arthritis, or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by using a self-administered online tool. Prevalence and correlates of risk behaviors and associations with knowledge and treatment adherence were estimated using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, controlling for demographics, mental health, and the multiclinic sampling frame.RESULTS: Of 403 consented youth (75.8% response), 51.6% were girls, 75.1% were white, and average age was 15.6 years. Of high school youth, 36.5% and 12.7% reported past-year alcohol use and binge drinking, respectively; 20% reported past-year marijuana use. Among high school youth, 53.1% and 37.2% answered correctly that alcohol can interfere with their medications and laboratory tests; youth answering incorrectly were 8.53 and 4.46 times more likely to drink and binge drink, respectively (P values , .001). Thirty-two percent and 8.3% of high school youth reported regularly forgetting or skipping their medications in the past 30 days; compared with past-year nondrinking youth, drinkers were 1.79 and 1.61 times as likely to report regularly missing or skipping medications (P values , .05).CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol and marijuana use are common among youth with chronic medical conditions. Alcohol use is associated with treatment nonadherence. Education and preventive interventions are warranted to ameliorate risk. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Increasing percentages of youth are living with chronic medical conditions. Although adolescents face peak risks for onset and intensification of alcohol and marijuana use, we know little about these behaviors and their associations with treatment adherence among chronically ill youth. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study quantifies alcohol and marijuana use behaviors among a heterogeneous sample of chronically ill youth in aggregate and by condition, and measures associations between alcohol use/binge drinking and knowledge about alcohol interactions with medications/laboratory tests and also treatment nonadherence.

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“…79,80 Physical effects on coordination and reaction time raise serious concerns about the contribution of marijuana intoxication to motor vehicle injuries and deaths. 81,82 Medical consequences include respiratory effects 83 and the long-term effects of exposure to carcinogenic components of marijuana smoke, with a recent study from New Zealand finding elevated rates of lung cancer in adults with histories of long-term marijuana smoking. 84 Studies have also shown connections between chronic marijuana use and mental health disorders such as anxiety and schizophrenia.…”

Section: Arguments For and Against Legalization Or Decriminalization mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Marijuana Policies on Youth: Clinical, Research, and Legal Update

Levy¹,

Ammerman²,

Gonzalez³

et al. 2015

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This technical report updates the 2004 American Academy of Pediatrics technical report on the legalization of marijuana. Current epidemiology of marijuana use is presented, as are definitions and biology of marijuana compounds, side effects of marijuana use, and effects of use on adolescent brain development. Issues concerning medical marijuana specifically are also addressed. Concerning legalization of marijuana, 4 different approaches in the United States are discussed: legalization of marijuana solely for medical purposes, decriminalization of recreational use of marijuana, legalization of recreational use of marijuana, and criminal prosecution of recreational (and medical) use of marijuana. These approaches are compared, and the latest available data are presented to aid in forming public policy. The effects on youth of criminal penalties for marijuana use and possession are also addressed, as are the effects or potential effects of the other 3 policy approaches on adolescent marijuana use. Recommendations are included in the accompanying policy statement.

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“…35,36 We found no evidence of variation in alcohol use risk across medical conditions, but some evidence of condition-varying risk for marijuana use, which was least prevalent among youth with asthma and cystic fibrosis, as might be expected given the exacerbating effects of smoking on respiratory function. 37,38 Marijuana use also was relatively low among youth with arthritis. Confirming and understanding condition-varying risks for marijuana use is important to understanding outcomes and merits additional investigation; marijuana use may ameliorate symptoms for some conditions, confounding treatment effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and Marijuana Use and Treatment Nonadherence Among Medically Vulnerable Youth

2015

PEDIATRICS

0

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Adolescents face peak risks for onset and intensification of alcohol and marijuana use. However, we know little about these behaviors and their associations with knowledge or treatment adherence among chronically ill youth, a medically vulnerable group.METHODS: Cross-sectional assessment of consented youth ages 9 to 18 years receiving care for asthma/cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes, arthritis, or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by using a self-administered online tool. Prevalence and correlates of risk behaviors and associations with knowledge and treatment adherence were estimated using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, controlling for demographics, mental health, and the multiclinic sampling frame.RESULTS: Of 403 consented youth (75.8% response), 51.6% were girls, 75.1% were white, and average age was 15.6 years. Of high school youth, 36.5% and 12.7% reported past-year alcohol use and binge drinking, respectively; 20% reported past-year marijuana use. Among high school youth, 53.1% and 37.2% answered correctly that alcohol can interfere with their medications and laboratory tests; youth answering incorrectly were 8.53 and 4.46 times more likely to drink and binge drink, respectively (P values , .001). Thirty-two percent and 8.3% of high school youth reported regularly forgetting or skipping their medications in the past 30 days; compared with past-year nondrinking youth, drinkers were 1.79 and 1.61 times as likely to report regularly missing or skipping medications (P values , .05).CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol and marijuana use are common among youth with chronic medical conditions. Alcohol use is associated with treatment nonadherence. Education and preventive interventions are warranted to ameliorate risk. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:Increasing percentages of youth are living with chronic medical conditions. Although adolescents face peak risks for onset and intensification of alcohol and marijuana use, we know little about these behaviors and their associations with treatment adherence among chronically ill youth. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study quantifies alcohol and marijuana use behaviors among a heterogeneous sample of chronically ill youth in aggregate and by condition, and measures associations between alcohol use/binge drinking and knowledge about alcohol interactions with medications/laboratory tests and also treatment nonadherence.

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Marijuana and lung diseases

Cited by 83 publications

References 47 publications

Alcohol and Marijuana Use and Treatment Nonadherence Among Medically Vulnerable Youth

Alcohol and Marijuana Use and Treatment Nonadherence Among Medically Vulnerable Youth

The Impact of Marijuana Policies on Youth: Clinical, Research, and Legal Update

Alcohol and Marijuana Use and Treatment Nonadherence Among Medically Vulnerable Youth

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