Marginal Adaptation Assessment for Two Composite Layering Techniques Using Dye Penetration, AFM, SEM and FTIR: An In-Vitro Comparative Study

Abstract

Do the new, modern dental resin composites improve the sealing in cavities restorations? The present study was designed to compare the effect of two different, but most used layering techniques of the dental composite in reducing the marginal microleakage when a brand-new material is used; Class I black cavities were prepared on 120 human extracted teeth and then restored using oblique and horizontal layering technique. The dye penetration analysis, the atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) together with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) technique were used to assess the adaptation of the restorative material to the dental structures. Some better results were obtained for oblique layering technique, but the differences to the other method have not been statistically validated. The composite layering technique still remains an open quest and, moreover, in vivo studies should be designed in order to assess microleakage in real conditions of the oral environment.

Traditional Microscopic Techniques Employed in Dental Adhesion Research—Applications and Protocols of Specimen Preparation

“…Invented in 1931, scanning electron microscopy quickly became a fundamental imaging technique in biomedical studies [ 2 , 25 , 26 ]; an example of its feasibility in dental tissues imaging is presented in Figure 6 and Figure 7 [ 27 , 28 ].…”

“…The obtained spectrum depends on the specimen composition and change in the mineral component is captured [ 22 , 24 ]. The method was used in testing various pre-restoration protocols and its influence on shear bond strength (SBS) [ 28 , 35 , 36 ]. The change in the elemental composition in dentin–resin interface confirmed that the implemented protocols had an impact on SBS [ 27 , 35 , 36 ].…”

“…Observations can be performed in liquid environment without the risk of dehydration; that decreases the risk of potential artefacts correlated to fixation and drying procedures [ 3 ]. An example of images of enamel obtained via AFM is presented in Figure 10 and Figure 11 [ 28 , 65 ]. The applicability of AFM also includes nanomechanical measurements such as determination of Young’s modulus ( Figure 11 B) and mean adhesion forces between scanning probe and specimen surface ( Figure 11 C).…”

“…Marginal Adaptation Assessment for Two Composite Layering Techniques Using Dye Penetration, AFM, SEM and FTIR: An In-Vitro Comparative Study. Applied Sciences, 11(12), 5657 [ 28 ].…”

Comparative In Vitro Studies on the Effect of Bleaching Agents on Dental Structures in Healthy and Predialysis Patients

“…Only caries-free teeth were included in the group, without coronary destruction and without pre-existing restorations. In order to meet the necessary hydration conditions after extraction, these teeth were preserved in distilled water after professional cleaning [6].…”