“…Similar to BLM, 21st-century Afro-Brazilian social movements emphasize systemic social and political exclusionary practices that marginalize Afro-Brazilians (Alves, 2018;Dixon, 2016). In the case of Brazil and also Colombia, Black social movements are intersectional in nature as they underscore gendered manifestations of anti-Black racism (Caldwell, 2007(Caldwell, , 2019Cardoso, 2016;Carneiro, 2016;C. Ferreira & Medeiros, 2016;Perry, 2013;Rocha, 2012;Smith, 2016Smith, , 2017.…”