Marble

Abstract

With the recent explosion of data breaches and data misuse cases, there is more demand than ever for secure system designs that fundamentally tackle today's data trust models. One promising alternative to today's trust model is true end-to-end encryption without however compromising user experience nor data utility. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) provides a powerful tool in empowering users with more control over their data, while still benefiting from computing services of remote services, though without trusting them with plaintext data. However, due to the complexity of fully homomorphic encryption, it has remained reserved exclusively for a small group of domain experts. With our system Marble, we make FHE accessible to the broader community of researchers and developers. Marble takes away the complexity of setup and configuration associated with FHE schemes. It provides a familiar programming environment. Marble allows rapid feasibility assessment and development of FHE-based applications. More importantly, Marble benchmarks the overall performance of an FHE-based application, as part of the feasibility assessment. With real-world application case-studies, we show the practicality of Marble. CCS CONCEPTS • Security and privacy → Public key (asymmetric) techniques; Management and querying of encrypted data;

SoK: New Insights into Fully Homomorphic Encryption Libraries via Standardized Benchmarks

“…A recent SoK [80] surveys state-of-the-art FHE compilers such as Cingulata [19], which compiles C++ code to Boolean circuits for TFHE and a BFV variant, CHET [33] which targets CKKS and is geared towards private neural network inference for HEAAN and SEAL, as well as its successor EVA [32] that uses a DSL for vector arithmetic and targets SEAL and CKKS. Moreover, E 3 [24] targets SEAL, HElib, FHEW, PALISADE, and TFHE, but has limited batching support, does not support relational operations over integers, and only allows users to select plaintext and poly modulus degrees, but other important parameters such as ciphertext modulus size remain hidden from the user, while Marble [81] is a C++ extension that allows users to write code similar to a plaintext implementation and currently employs encrypted binary arithmetic in HElib as an FHE backend. However, [80] does not consider compilers such as Google's Transpiler [43] and ROMEO [45] that convert programs (written in C++ and Verilog, respectively) into optimized netlists through the use of synthesis tools, and then finally into TFHE (and PALISADE's CGGI implementation for the former).…”

“…Hamming Distance: The Hamming distance between two strings measures the minimum number of substitutions required to change one string into the other, and is widely used for error detection in telecommunications, as well as to determine genetic distance in biology applications. It has also been used as an FHE application in prior works [81]. The Hamming distance over two vectors can be computed as 𝐻 (𝑉 , 𝑈…”