Marathon running alters the DNA base excision repair in human skeletal muscle

Radák, Zsolt; Apor, Péter; Pucsok, József Márton; Berkes, István; Ogonovszky, Helga; Pavlik, G.; Nakamoto, Hideko; Goto, Sataro

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)02476-1

Cited by 95 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…DNA damage can be reduced with regular physical exercise by enhancing expression of genome repairing enzymes on striatal skeletal muscles (Radák et al 2003;Kim et al 2010). The influence of physical exercise regularity on TAC concentrations was tested.…”

Section: Regular Physical Exercise: Adaptation To Oxidative Stress Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise modulation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC): towards a molecular signature of healthy aging

Ferrari

2011

Frontiers in Life Science

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The objective of this article was to review the biochemical basis of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) test and its applications to exercise science and promotion of healthy aging. Measurement of TAC allows evaluation of the antioxidant content of muscle, heart and other exercise-target organs. Acute non-regular physical exercise and body exposition to higher altitude have been associated with a considerable decrease of blood TAC. However, regular practice of physical activity and exercise is associated with improved antioxidant response increasing TAC levels. TAC methodologies did not address lipophylic antioxidants and have some other limitations. However, TAC is useful as a complementary test for the evaluation of antiperoxidation assays and blood, erythrocyte and cytosolic antioxidant enzyme assays (glutathion reductase, glutathion peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase). Exercise induces both molecular antioxidant and hormetic responses which have been suggested to be linked with a healthy aging.

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Section: Regular Physical Exercise: Adaptation To Oxidative Stress Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise modulation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC): towards a molecular signature of healthy aging

Ferrari

2011

Frontiers in Life Science

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“…These findings are supported by the results of the present study, as chromosomal damage tended to be higher (nonsignificant) in the T subjects than in the VT group. The differences between T and VT subjects could be due to adaptive responses of regular training, such as a more efficient electron chain in muscle mitochondria (46,47) and up-regulation of repairing systems such as the 8-oxoguanine repair enzyme (48). Furthermore, an extended capability of endogenous antioxidative systems (in the VT subjects) might lead to the reduction of oxidative stress -induced effects and thus improved oxidative balance during exercise (2,11,18,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Acute and Persistent DNA Damage after an Ironman Triathlon

Reichhold

Neubauer

Ehrlich

et al. 2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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During acute and strenuous exercise, the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species can induce damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an Ironman triathlon (3.8 km swim, 180 km cycle, 42 km run), as a prototype of ultra-endurance exercise, on DNA stability. As biomarkers of genomic instability, the number of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds were measured within the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in once-divided peripheral lymphocytes of 20 male triathletes. Blood samples were taken 2 days before, within 20 min after the race, and 5 and 19 days post-race. Overall, the number of micronuclei decreased (P < 0.05) after the race, remained at a low level until 5 days post-race, and declined further to 19 days post-race (P < 0.01). The frequency of nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds did not change immediately after the triathlon. The number of nucleoplasmic bridge declined from 2 days pre-race to 19 days post-exercise (P < 0.05). The frequency of nuclear buds increased after the triathlon, peaking 5 days post-race (P < 0.01) and decreased to basic levels 19 days after the race (P < 0.01). The results suggest that an Ironman triathlon does not cause longlasting DNA damage in well-trained athletes. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(8):1913 -9)

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“…This is supported by the fact that in endurance-trained individuals, the Type I fibers are more noticeable because of abundant mitochondrial density compared with the Type II fibers [Coyle 1995]. Thus, trained athletes or individuals who are regularly involved in endurance training may have an enhanced adaptive response, which results in a protective effect against oxidative stress [Radak et al 2003] and attenuates the extent of apoptosis (e.g., DNA fragmentation and caspases activity) [Peters et al 2006]. However, whether or not DNA damage directly results from oxidative damage, or whether it is derived from a part of the process of apoptosis remains elusive [Mars et al 1998].…”

Section: Muscle 8-ohdg Levelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated the more prominent antioxidant capacity of Type I fibers (slow twitch, oxidative) compared with that of Type II fibers (fast twitch, glycolytic) [Loft et al 1992;Radak et al 1997;Radak et al 2001]. Some human studies have reported that endurance exercise and training, accompanied with a more prominent involvement of Type I fibers, promotes the prevention of nuclear DNA damage by up-regulating the repairing enzyme activity such as hOGG1 [Radak et al 2003] and hMTH1 [Sato et al 2003]. This is supported by the fact that in endurance-trained individuals, the Type I fibers are more noticeable because of abundant mitochondrial density compared with the Type II fibers [Coyle 1995].…”

Section: Muscle 8-ohdg Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Repeated exercise and training are considered to attenuate the oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms including antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase [Sato et al 2003;Sen 1995;Wang & Huang 2005]. In line with those phenomena, DNA repairing enzymes such human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (hOGG1) and oxidized purine-nucleoside triphosphatase (hMTH1) can be augmented after endurance exercise in order to protect against exercise-induced DNA damage [Radak et al 2003;Sato et al 2003]. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Warfighter Sustainability: Maximizing Human Performance in Hostile Environments

Ruby¹,

Slivka²,

Cuddy³

et al. 2008

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBERThe University of Montana Montana Center for Work Physiology and Exercise Metabolism (WPEM) 32 Campus Drive Missoula, MT, 59812 SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S)Air SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACT:The goal of this effort was to improve training and sustainment programs for the Air Force Special Operations Command. Interventions are sought to enhance physical strength, endurance, fatigue resistance, and mental resilience. Over the course of this funding cycle, the effects of nutrition on human performance have been studied under various environmental conditions in the laboratory and austere environments. Similarly, the practical usefulness of biomarker detection during field environments has been evaluated. The overall purpose of this series of investigations has been to better understand strategies associated with training and nutritional interventions that optimize performance and enhance recovery from stressful conditions. In addition, the use of physiological monitoring devices for field data collection has been rigidly evaluated. Additional information has also been collected during events that better capture the human ceiling for energy expenditure and hydration demands. The purpose of these series of investigations was to pool research results from controlled laboratory study and field data collection efforts to provide information to the Air Force Special Operations Command in the areas of Mission Preparedness and Recovery and Mission Performance. These data clearly demonstrate that mission performance can be altered by a variety of environmental factors that impede performance. However, the environmental concerns are of less concern compared to factors that can be altered and/or controlled by the warfighter. These include training status, approaches to training and also adequately meeting the nutritional and hydration demands of the required muscle work. References 20 Table 1. Subject descriptive data (n=8). 13 Table 2. Amino acid profile and do...

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Marathon running alters the DNA base excision repair in human skeletal muscle

Cited by 95 publications

References 23 publications

Exercise modulation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC): towards a molecular signature of healthy aging

Exercise modulation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC): towards a molecular signature of healthy aging

No Acute and Persistent DNA Damage after an Ironman Triathlon

Warfighter Sustainability: Maximizing Human Performance in Hostile Environments

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