Maqāṣid al-Sharīa in The Study of Hadith and Its Implication for The Renewal of Islamic Law: Study on Jasser Auda’s Thought

Abstract

This article examines Jasser Auda's maqaṣid approach to studying hadith and its implications for the renewal of Islamic law. Generally speaking, one way to gain a closer understanding of the purpose of the hadīth is through contextualizing the Prophetic narrations (hadīth), primarily when the scripture cannot be understood textually. Using a descriptive-analytic and critical approach, this study showed that the conception of Auda’s maqāṣid could solve the problem. First, Auda, in this terms, offers a way of reading the scripture based on the intent in applying Islamic law and how its implications when maqāṣid are a primary consideration in reading and applying the law. Second, the theoretical approach as a result of Auda's academic research is the validation of several ijtihad methodologies which will practically produce the Anthropocentric Maqāṣid, namely the Maqāṣid model considering the development of world governance thinking within the framework of nation-states on the one hand, and making human values such as freedom, equality, justice, democracy as a source of maṣlaḥah on the other. The logical consequence of this Anthropocentric Maqāṣid idea necessitates drawing legal conclusions (istinbath al-ahkam) based on maṣlaḥah, no longer on the text.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pendekatan maqaṣid Jasser Auda dalam kajian hadis dan implikasinya bagi pembaruan hukum Islam. Secara umum, untuk lebih memahami tujuan hadts, salah satu cara yang dapat ditempuh adalah melalui kontekstualisasi riwayat-riwayat Nabi (hadith), terutama ketika kitab suci tidak dapat dipahami secara tekstual. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analitik dan kritis, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsepsi maqāṣid Auda dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Pertama, Auda dalam hal ini menawarkan cara membaca kitab suci berdasarkan niat dalam penerapan hukum Islam dan bagaimana implikasinya ketika maqāṣid menjadi pertimbangan utama dalam membaca dan menerapkan hukum. Kedua, Pendekatan teoritis sebagai hasil penelitian akademis Auda adalah validasi dari beberapa metodologi ijtihad yang secara praktis akan menghasilkan Maqāsid Antroposentris, yaitu model Maqāṣid yang mempertimbangkan perkembangan pemikiran tata kelola dunia dalam kerangka negara-bangsa di satu sisi, dan menjadikan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan seperti kebebasan, kesetaraan, keadilan, demokrasi sebagai sumber maṣlaḥah di sisi lain. Konsekuensi logis dari pemikiran Maqāṣid Antroposentris ini mengharuskan penarikan kesimpulan hukum (istinbath al-ahkam) berdasarkan maṣlaḥah, bukan lagi pada teks

Contestation between Fiqh and Culture in Indonesia: The Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah Paradigm in Dangers of Forced Marriage against Women

“…49 The aim of understanding maqāṣid al-sharī'ah is to identify the scale of priorities in various issues and maintain the values contained in the texts so that they are in accordance with the aims and objectives of the sharia makers (shāri'). 50 Islamic legal theorists regard maqāṣid al-sharī'ah an important tool to be mastered by every mujtahid, because the main goal of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah is to create benefit and avoid harm, or to benefit and reject harm. 51…”