Mapping water uptake in an epoxy-phenolic coating

Morsch, Suzanne; Lyon, S.B.; Smith, Stuart Douglas; Gibbon, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2015.05.017

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…[33][34][35] Furthermore, we have previously shown that short term water uptake into model epoxy-phenolic resins is indeed heterogeneous at the nanoscale, and corresponds to slight variations in the degree of cross-linking density, in keeping with the Nguyen model. [16] Since water has been shown to diffuse through the intact coatings rapidly, it is feasible that the distribution of free-volume voids provided by these fluctuations in cross-link density provide favourable diffusive pathways through the coating. Furthermore, we have found that water sorption during immersion does indeed induce polymeric relaxation as a consequence of water plasticisation, in keeping with numerous previously reported studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13,14] In addition, we recently reported the first direct observations of heterogeneous water sorption into epoxy-phenolic coatings using the newly developed AFM-IR technique. [15,16] It was found that water diffusion into films is initially heterogeneous, and that prolonged immersion in deionised water yields localised deformation and swelling. This supports a picture of water-induced damage as the first stage of coating deterioration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The degradation mechanism of an epoxy-phenolic can coating

Morsch

Lyon

Gibbon

2017

Progress in Organic Coatings

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Paint remains a widely employed approach to corrosion control due its relatively low cost and proven efficacy. Nonetheless, the processes governing long-term deterioration of intact organic coatings (in the absence of defects) are not fully understood. In this contribution, we investigate the degradation mechanism of a corrosion resistant epoxyphenolic can coating. In-situ time-resolved ATR FTIR is applied to monitor both the chemical integrity of the coating and water uptake as a function of immersion time in water or electrolyte. Ion transport is assessed across free standing films, and morphological changes accompanying immersion are examined using ex-situ advanced scanning probe microscopy techniques. Coatings are found to deform as a result of water sorption during immersion in electrolyte or water, yielding regions of heterogeneous hydrophilicity, yet no change in functional group chemistry is found to occur.  Non-Fickian water sorption is associated with deformation of the coating. HIGHLIGHTS AFM-IR is used to show that hydrophilic pores form during immersion.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The degradation mechanism of an epoxy-phenolic can coating

Morsch

Lyon

Gibbon

2017

Progress in Organic Coatings

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“…[5,[8][9][10][11] Fingerprinting epoxy coatings using FTIR is commonly discussed in refs. [12][13][14][15] Normally, different FTIR fingerprinting regions for epoxy coatings can be observed at wavenumbers 1183 cm À1 , 1115 cm À1 , 1036 cm À1 and 916 cm À1 . [14] Morsch and co-workers (2015) utilized IR technique to study the effect of localized water ingression into an epoxy phenolic coating.…”

Section: Itemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Control Tests and Matching Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectra for Raw and Intermediate Materials of 2‐Pack Epoxy Paints

Salim

Chan

Ong³

2016

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary The local users of the oil and gas companies suffering from high cost of repainting the steel structures and pipelines when the coatings fail prematurely, where one of the attributing factors may be the adulterated polymeric coatings supplied to the job sites. This posted the needs to fingerprint the polymeric coatings supplied, which shall not deviate from the submitted specifications for prequalification and tender purpose of projects. The first part of the study shows that the coatings formula remains trade secret, even though spectra of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are submitted along with the delivery of the polymeric coatings. Characterizations of the raw materials (viscosity and density) as well as final products (adhesion and dry film thickness) can hardly be differentiated for different grades of materials with exception on the salt spray test. The salt spray test is usually performed before the paint manufacturer submits its product for qualification and tender purpose. Infrared component searching of various raw and intermediate paint materials ranging from organic color pigments, epoxy resins to epoxy hardeners for 2‐pack epoxy paints was attempted. The materials were analyzed with FTIR. It appears that the component search gives several possible (chemical) compounds according to extensive FTIR library search. Although some of these components are known to exist within the material (color pigments, epoxy resins and epoxy hardeners), it does not reveal further detailed formulation. Reproducibility of the estimation of correlation (r) or the matching ratio of the reference spectrum to that of the sample spectrum is noted when the FTIR analysis was carried out. The statistical examination utilizing two‐sample paired t‐test shows that there is no statistically difference at 95% confidence level for the results of r estimated between Softwares A and B, or between Softwares A and C when the samples were analyzed using Nicolet FTIR spectrometer.

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“…After exposure to sodium hydroxide solution several distinctive changes were observed as indicated by appearance of a new peak at 3385 cm −1 associated with hydroxy group (-OH) indicating diffusion of electrolyte through the coating [17]. Also, the peak at 1749 cm −1 completely disappears and the peak at 1508 cm −1 decreases and at 1460 cm −1 increases in intensity.…”

Section: Atr-ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High Temperature Sodium Hydroxide Immersion on Fusion Bond Epoxy Coating

Al-Borno¹,

Chen²,

Dhoke³

2015

International Journal of Corrosion

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Fusion Bond Epoxy (FBE) coating system was exposed to 5% sodium hydroxide at elevated temperature for 30 days. The result of exposure showed formation of adhere deposit layer, a discolored zone underneath and remaining un-affected bulk of the coating. The deterioration of the coating was characterized using analytical techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pull-off adhesion, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results obtained indicated chemical deterioration of the coating in the discolored zone and leaching of low molecular weight coating component forming deposit layer. Although the adhesion strength and barrier property were not affected, the polymer matrix in the affected zone undergoes severe changes in its surface microstructure, primary chemical structure, and glass transition temperature. This may inflict serious impairment of the coating functional properties and premature failure of the coating in long term exposure.

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Mapping water uptake in an epoxy-phenolic coating

Cited by 36 publications

References 79 publications

The degradation mechanism of an epoxy-phenolic can coating

The degradation mechanism of an epoxy-phenolic can coating

Quality Control Tests and Matching Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectra for Raw and Intermediate Materials of 2‐Pack Epoxy Paints

Effect of High Temperature Sodium Hydroxide Immersion on Fusion Bond Epoxy Coating

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