Mapping the T cell epitopes of the <i>Babesia bovis</i> antigen 12D3: implications for vaccine design

Court, R.A; Sitte, Karin; Opdebeeck, J.P.; East, I.J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1998.t01-1-00116.x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…12D3 localized to the apical end of the merozoite and the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes, suggesting that like RAP‐1, it is a secreted protein (62). Later studies showed that 12D3 contains several T cell epitopes recognized by 12D3‐immunized cattle (63), although our laboratory was consistently unable to stimulate recall CD4 + T cell responses with recombinant 12D3, using lymphocytes obtained from infected and recovered cattle that otherwise responded to B. bovis and specific antigens, such as RAP‐1 (Brown, unpublished observations). A truncated form of recombinant RAP‐1 fused to GST was reported to confer partial protection against challenge, determined as reduction in packed erythrocyte volumes (12).…”

Section: Strategies To Identify Protective Antigensmentioning

confidence: 94%

Prospects for recombinant vaccines against Babesia bovis and related parasites

Brown

Norimine

Goff

et al. 2006

Parasite Immunology

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Babesial parasites infect cattle in tropical and temperate regions of the world and cause significant morbidity and mortality. Discovery of protective antigens that could be used in a killed vaccine has been slow and to date there are few promising vaccine candidates for cattle Babesia. This review describes mechanisms of protective innate and adaptive immune responses to babesial parasites and different strategies to identify potentially protective protein antigens of B. bovis, B. bigemina, and B. divergens. Successful parasites often cause persistent infection, and this paper also discusses how B. bovis evades and regulates the immune response to promote survival of parasite and host. Development of successful non-living recombinant vaccines will depend on increased understanding of protective immune mechanisms and availability of parasite genomes.

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Section: Strategies To Identify Protective Antigensmentioning

confidence: 94%

Prospects for recombinant vaccines against Babesia bovis and related parasites

Brown

Norimine

Goff

et al. 2006

Parasite Immunology

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“…Leading candidate B. bovis antigens for vaccine development have included rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1), merozoite surface antigen 1 (MSA-1), 12D3, and spherical-body protein 1 (SBP1), formerly called Bv80 or Bb-1 (9,12,14,16,27,28,56,59). Mapping of CD4 ϩ T-cell epitopes on RAP-1, SBP-1, and 12D3 and characterization of the cytokine responses by antigen-specific Th cells were also carried out with the ultimate goal of constructing a multiepitope vaccine (14,16,43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mapping of CD4 ϩ T-cell epitopes on RAP-1, SBP-1, and 12D3 and characterization of the cytokine responses by antigen-specific Th cells were also carried out with the ultimate goal of constructing a multiepitope vaccine (14,16,43).…”

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confidence: 99%

Conservation ofBabesia bovisSmall Heat Shock Protein (Hsp20) among Strains and Definition of T Helper Cell Epitopes Recognized by Cattle with Diverse Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Haplotypes

et al. 2004

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Babesia bovis small heat shock protein (Hsp20) is recognized by CD4؉ T lymphocytes from cattle that have recovered from infection and are immune to challenge. This candidate vaccine antigen is related to a protective antigen of Toxoplasma gondii, Hsp30/bag1, and both are members of the ␣-crystallin family of proteins that can serve as molecular chaperones. In the present study, immunofluorescence microscopy determined that Hsp20 is expressed intracellularly in all merozoites. Importantly, Hsp20 is also expressed by tick larval stages, including sporozoites, so that natural tick-transmitted infection could boost a vaccine-induced response. The predicted amino acid sequence of Hsp20 from merozoites is completely conserved among different B. bovis strains. To define the location of CD4 ؉ T-cell epitopes for inclusion in a multiepitope peptide or minigene vaccine construct, truncated recombinant Hsp20 proteins and overlapping peptides were tested for their ability to stimulate T cells from immune cattle. Both amino-terminal (amino acids [aa] 1 to 105) and carboxyterminal (aa 48 to 177) regions were immunogenic for the majority of cattle in the study, stimulating strong proliferation and IFN-␥ production. T-cell lines from all individuals with distinct DRB3 haplotypes responded to aa 11 to 62 of Hsp20, which contained one or more immunodominant epitopes for each animal. One epitope, DEQTGLPIKS (aa 17 to 26), was identified by T-cell clones. The presence of strain-conserved T helper cell epitopes in aa 11 to 62 of the ubiquitously expressed Hsp20 that are presented by major histocompatibility complex class II molecules represented broadly in the Holstein breed supports the inclusion of this region in vaccine constructs to be tested in cattle.

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“…10,50 In Australia this work has all but been discontinued. The major limitations such as research funding, variations in immune responsiveness 75 and the need for repeat vaccinations mean that recombinant products cannot presently compete with the available live vaccine.…”

Section: The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity following use of Australian tick fever vaccine: a review of the evidence

Bock

Vos

2001

Aust Veterinary J

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Objective To review the evidence available on the degree and duration of immunity provided by Australian tick fever vaccines against Babesia bovis, B bigeminaand Anaplasma marginale infections in Australia and overseas. Background Vaccines containing attenuated strains of B bovis and B bigemina as well as A centrale grown in splenectomised calves have been used in Australia since 1964 to immunise cattle against tick fever. About 800,000 doses of vaccine are supplied annually and much of the evidence for protection is field evidence rather than conventional immunological measures or pen trials. Conclusions Immunity to Babesia bovis and B bigemina – A single inoculation generally provides sound, long‐lasting protection both in Australia and overseas. No evidence was found of a loss of immunity with time. Vaccine failures to B bovis d o occur, but are uncommon and evidently caused by a number of factors, including immune responsiveness of the vaccinated animals, and immunogenicity of the vaccine strain. Immunity to Anaplasma marginale– The vaccine containing A centrale provides partial, variable protection against A marginale. Protection against challenge in Australia is adequate in most cases to prevent disease and use of the vaccine in this country appears to be justified. Protection against antigenically diverse, highly virulent stocks of A marginale i n other countries is, at times, clearly inadequate and better vaccines are required in situations where the challenge is severe.

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Mapping the T cell epitopes of the Babesia bovis antigen 12D3: implications for vaccine design

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Prospects for recombinant vaccines against Babesia bovis and related parasites

Prospects for recombinant vaccines against Babesia bovis and related parasites

Conservation ofBabesia bovisSmall Heat Shock Protein (Hsp20) among Strains and Definition of T Helper Cell Epitopes Recognized by Cattle with Diverse Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Haplotypes

Immunity following use of Australian tick fever vaccine: a review of the evidence

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