Mapping the potential for decentralized energy generation based on RES in Western Balkans

Abstract

Although the countries of the Western Balkans are mostly electrified, there are still regions which do not have access to the electricity network or where the network capacity is insufficient. For the most part such areas are under special care of the state (i. e. underdeveloped, devastated by war, depopulated), on islands or in mountainous regions. Since the decentralized energy generation covers a broad range of technologies, including many renewable energy technologies that provide small-scale power at sites close to the users, such concept could be of interest for these locations. This paper identifies the areas in Western Balkans where such systems could be applied. Consideration is given to geographical locations as well as possible applications. Wind, hydro, solar photovoltaic, and biomass conversion systems were taken into consideration. Since the renewable energy sources data for Western Balkans region are rather scarce, the intention was to give a survey of the present situation and an estimate of future potential for decentralized energy generation based on renewable energy sources. The decentralized energy generation based on renewable energy sources in Western Balkans will find its niche easier for the users that will produce electricity for their own needs and for the users located in remote rural areas (off-grid applications).

Influence of the Changing Local Climate on Wind Potentials of Mount Kopaonik

“…In the previous papers [4,5] results obtained by numerical simulation on over a dozen micro locations are presented. The considered locations mainly cover the mountainous regions of Southern and Eastern Serbia.…”

“…Even if all of the above mentioned is satisfied, there is still a possibility that the wind farm is not going to have the predicted output during the project lifetime, which is 25-30 years, which is about the same as the climatic period, which lasts for 32 years. A number of researchers have estimated Serbia's wind potentials [3][4][5][6]. Important research was done on atmospheric turbulence [7] and the methods of measuring wind potentials in the complex mountainous terrains of Serbia [8].…”

Technical and economic analysis of grid-connected PV/Wind energy stations in the Republic of Serbia under varying climatic conditions

“…On the basis of these data wind atlas of the Republic of Serbia was made [25]. A solar potential of the Republic of Serbia was also investigated and presented in the paper [26] for the whole territory of Serbia.…”

ANALYSES OF PV SYSTEMS OF 1 kW ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

“…Bosnia and Herzegovina can be counted among more favourable locations in Europe with solar irradiation figures on horizontal surface of 1240 kWh/m 2 in the north of the country, and up to 1600 kWh/m 2 in the south [9,13,17]. The yearly sum of the total solar irradiation incident on horizontal PV modules in kWh/m 2 and yearly electricity generated by 1 kWp system with performance ratio 0,75 (kWh/kWp) for the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina obtained by PVGIS, are shown in Figure 1 [17].…”