Mapping the Malaysian Smoking Cessation Clinics: A Geographic Information System–Based Study

Abstract

Although geographic information system–based studies are particularly increasing in other sectors, few have embraced their full potential in health services allocation in Malaysia. This study aimed to produce a visual map on the distribution of smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) in Malaysia and analyze its pattern against the national population of smokers. SCC addresses were obtained from the government website and mapped using geographic information system tools. A total of 199 and 449 private and public SCCs was mapped throughout the country, respectively. The lowest SCC to smoker population ratio was in the state of Negeri Sembilan with 1:3000. The highest SCC to smoker population ratio was in Sabah with 1 SCC for 15 000 smokers. Almost 70% of SCCs were primary health clinics. Smoking cessation clinics were distributed throughout all the states in Malaysia except the state of Sabah.

The spatial heterogeneity of public health resources: a study of the socioeconomic, demographic, and natural geographic conditions of ethnic minority regions in southwestern China

“…In the southwest, northwest, north and northeast areas, mountains, hills, river valley plains, premountain plains and other karst landforms occupy 80% of the total area of Guangxi, with mountains at 400-900 m accounting for up to 50%, hills at 200-400 m accounting for 10%, and river valley plains, premountain plains, deltas and other terraces at approximately 200 m accounting for nearly 30% (Figure 1-d). Despite its 1,628.6 km of coastline and rich nonferrous metal resources, the complex topography of Guangxi has led to sluggish economic development, with a per capita GDP of approximately US$6,833 by 2020 [4], far below the US$13,652, US$9,638, US$7,056 and US$8,013 of neighbouring coastal Guangdong and inland Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan [5][6][7][8]. The results of the spatial autocorrelation analysis of these indicators are presented in detail in Table 1 and Figure 2 The spatial distribution of the number of physicians (index2) per 10,000 people showed significant autocorrelation and heterogeneity (Morans' I=1.289, Z=4.947, p<0.001).…”

“…However, these traditional methods can explain only the degree of inequality, and cannot describe the characteristics of health resource spatial distributions. Thus, geographic information system (GIS) technology has been used in studies [6][7][8]. GIS cannot only visualise the aggregation of health resources more clearly but also further explore the factors influencing the distribution of health resources through spatial regression models, such as GWR and MGWR [9].…”

Sustainability of Business Strategy Based on Indigenous Product Creativity in the Weaving Industry of Palm Oil Waste in Riau, Indonesia

“…The knowledge management process consists of acquiring, applying, and sharing knowledge and designing knowledge transfer [10,11]. This process incorporates tacit knowledge, explicit knowledge, and a technology base [12]. The resource-based theory (RBT) supports the notion that knowledge capability resources are essential for achieving sustainable competitive advantage and improving company performance [4].…”

Geo-Mapping of the Spatial Accessibility to Public Oral Health Facilities among Schoolchildren in Selangor, Malaysia

“…Al., 2019 used three different distances, 5 km, 10 km, and 20 km, to look into practice distribution of public and private practices for a larger geographical area involving the whole state of Malaysia [22]. This study visualises access to dental practises using Euclidean distance, often known as straight line distance, with buffers of 5 km, 10 km, and 20 km [22,23]. In recent years, researchers have become increasingly interested in calculating spatial accessibility in terms of travel distance and travel time using actual road networks to highlight access to healthcare.…”