Mapping the energy performance gap of dwelling stock at high-resolution scale: Implications for thermal comfort in Portuguese households

Palma, Pedro; Gouveia, João Pedro; Simões, Sofia

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.03.002

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Additionally, using the EPC data, it may be possible to establish new building typologies and further increase the representativeness of the Portuguese dwelling stock diversity. The outcome of the new typology characterization using EPC data put forward by this study does not considerably change the perspective already given by Palma et al (2019) study, as the heating and cooling gap still register very high percentages, despite a slight decrease. Although the nominal conditions set in the regulations are not a realistic standard to assess thermal discomfort, not properly representing the real climatization habits of the population, the magnitude of these gaps unavoidably continues to point to low consumption rates and the poor thermal energy performance of buildings.…”

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionssupporting

confidence: 47%

“…This analysis was conducted per building typology, for each climatic zone and NUT3 regions. The model used for this calculation was developed for this purpose, based on the work of Palma et al (2019), and it is derived from the national residential buildings' energy performance regulation (IteCons 2013). This model calculates the energy needs necessary to assure thermal comfort conditions for the household occupants, i.e.…”

Section: Energy Impact Of Retrofitting Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The actual final energy consumption for space heating and cooling per civil parish was calculated using: (a) municipal statistics on total final energy consumption per energy carrier on the residential sector (DGEG 2019); (b) regional heating and cooling shares, obtained from representative municipal energy matrixes for each of the country's climatic zones (adapted from Palma et al 2019); (c) national heating and cooling energy consumption per household, available in the National Survey on Energy Consumption in the Domestic Sector (INE and DGEG 2011), for the energy carriers whose end-uses were not discriminated in the energy matrixes; (d) civil parishes' area and number of dwellings per typology. Subsequently, based on previous work from Palma et al (2019), the percentage difference between the theoretical final energy consumption and the actual final energy consumption, for space heating and cooling, was assessed.…”

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the regional dwelling stock characterization, the work of Palma et al (2019) was replicated using this EPC dataset, to demonstrate the potential of its use for wider energy performance assessment studies. The estimated theoretical energy consumption of the dwelling stock, for space heating and cooling respectively, is about 57.3 TWh and 5.7 TWh, compared to the values Palma et al (2019) put forward of 66.6 TWh and 6.9 TWh, for nominal conditions defined in the national regulation. The country's aggregated global heating and cooling gap calculated using the same actual final energy consumption figures amounts to 89.6% and 95.1%, compared to 91.5% and 96.2% in Figure 9.…”

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cooling energy performance gap (%). Palma et al (2019). The average civil parish heating and cooling gap were also reduced using the EPC data, from 92.5% and 97.2% to 89.7 and 96.2% respectively.…”

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Gouveia

Palma

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The reduction of energy consumption and the increase in energy efficiency is currently an important cornerstone of EU policy. Energy performance certificates (EPCs) were implemented as one of the tools to promote this agenda, and are used for the energy performance assessment of buildings. In this study, the characteristics of the Portuguese dwelling stock are regionally analysed using data from approximately 523,000 Portuguese residential EPCs. Furthermore, a bottom-up building typology approach is used to assess the regional energy needs impact of retrofitting actions and to estimate the heating and cooling energy performance gaps of the whole dwelling stock, as well as the potential CO 2 emissions resulting from the gaps' potential offset due to increase thermal comfort. The results show that Portuguese residential buildings have very low energy performance, with windows and roofs being identified as the most energy inefficient elements. Roof retrofitting has the highest potential for the reduction of energy needs. The estimated heating and cooling energy performance gap amount to very significant percentages, due to the poor performing building stock but also very low energy consumption levels, with probable consequences for the thermal comfort of occupants. Assuming the current energy mix, carbon emissions would be 9.8 and 20.2 times higher associated with heating and cooling, respectively, if the actual final energy consumption were to match the estimated theoretical values derived from building regulation. This study demonstrates several application cases and leverages the potential of the individual EPC, increasing the detail in the dwelling stock characterization and energy performance estimation, revealing its value for energy retrofit and climate change mitigation assessments, as well as establishing the ground for future work related to building retrofits, energy efficiency measure implementation, climate change mitigation, thermal comfort, and energy poverty studies.

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Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionssupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Energy Impact Of Retrofitting Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Performance Gap and Related Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Gouveia

Palma

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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From the Regional Assessment to the Local Identification of Energy Poverty

Fernández

Sánchez

Peiró

et al. 2022

Energy Poverty Alleviation

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GIS-based urban energy modelling and energy efficiency scenarios using the energy performance certificate database

Mutani

Todeschi

2021

Energy Efficiency

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The EU building stock is 97% not energy efficient and the promotion of energy retrofitting strategies is a key way of reducing energy consumptions and greenhouse gas emission. In order to improve the energy performance of buildings, the European Union released the Energy Performance of Buildings and the Energy Efficiency Directives. The certification of the energy performance of a building is a central element of these Directives to monitor and promote energy performance improvements in buildings, with the aim of increasing their energy efficiency level, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This work evaluates the energy performance of existing residential buildings using the energy performance certificate database and identifies the more effective retrofitting interventions by applying an urban-scale energy model. The novelty of this study is that a new retrofitting database is created to improve the results of a building energy model at urban scale taking into account the real characteristics of the built environment. The here presented GIS-based monthly engineering model is flexible and easily applicable to different contexts, and was used to investigate energy efficiency scenarios by evaluating their effects of city scale. An urban energy atlas was designed for an Italian city, Turin, as a decision-making platform for policy makers and citizens. This energy platform can give information on energy consumption, production and productivity potential, but also on energy retrofitting scenarios. The results of this work show that it is possible to obtain energy savings for space heating of 79,064 MWh/year for the residential buildings connected to the district heating network in the city of Turin; these interventions refer mainly to thermal insulation of buildings envelope with windows replacement and allow a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 12,097 tonCO2eq/year.

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Mapping the energy performance gap of dwelling stock at high-resolution scale: Implications for thermal comfort in Portuguese households

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

From the Regional Assessment to the Local Identification of Energy Poverty

GIS-based urban energy modelling and energy efficiency scenarios using the energy performance certificate database

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