Mapping the Connectome: Multi-Level Analysis of Brain Connectivity

Leergaard, Trygve B.; Hilgetag, Claus C.; Sporns, Olaf

doi:10.3389/fninf.2012.00014

Cited by 69 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Generating brain-wide maps of human and animal neural connectivity is a major challenge in the basic neuroscience and neuroimaging field (35,36). Deciphering these connectivity patterns in the mouse is one of the principal aims of the Brain Architecture Project (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping remodeling of thalamocortical projections in the living reeler mouse brain by diffusion tractography

Harsan

Dávid

Reisert

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A major challenge in neuroscience is to accurately decipher in vivo the entire brain circuitry (connectome) at a microscopic level. Currently, the only methodology providing a global noninvasive window into structural brain connectivity is diffusion tractography. The extent to which the reconstructed pathways reflect realistic neuronal networks depends, however, on data acquisition and postprocessing factors. Through a unique combination of approaches, we designed and evaluated herein a framework for reliable fiber tracking and mapping of the living mouse brain connectome. One important wiring scheme, connecting gray matter regions and passing fibercrossing areas, was closely examined: the lemniscal thalamocortical (TC) pathway. We quantitatively validated the TC projections inferred from in vivo tractography with correlative histological axonal tracing in the same wild-type and reeler mutant mice. We demonstrated noninvasively that changes in patterning of the cortical sheet, such as highly disorganized cortical lamination in reeler, led to spectacular compensatory remodeling of the TC pathway.fiber tracking validation | brain developmental plasticity M apping the brain's neural architecture and its connectivity fingerprints is essential in experimental neuroscience and neurology because connectivity patterns constrain or even define functional neuronal networks (1). Methods for tracing connections in the animal brain have a long history and evolved from silver impregnation (2) of degenerating fibers to the ex vivo visualization of axonally transported tracers injected in different brain nuclei (3), and finally to high-resolution technologies using viral and genetic tracers (4). Exploiting the active transport mechanisms along the axons, the histological tract-tracing methods are of extreme value in addressing neuroanatomical questions in experimental animals, especially when associated with electrophysiological and behavioral observations (5). One challenging and intensively investigated issue is the dynamic interplay between the formation of cortical connectivity and cortical patterning (6). Because of the regional and laminar specificity of axonal targeting, the thalamocortical projection (TCP) system is a primary research focus (7-9); it offers the possibility of examining the way in which cortical patterning and thalamocortical (TC) wiring shape and constrain each other. Axonal tracer studies have produced a large body of evidence concerning TC architecture in experimental animals, suggesting that changes in patterning of the cortical sheet might result in alterations of TC connectivity (10-12). However, axonal tract-tracing is not suitable for monitoring plastic connectivity changes over time in the same individual. Histological visualization of the transported substance is highly invasive and requires the sacrifice of the animal; it allows the identification of only a limited number of pathways terminating in, or originating from, the injection site in a single animal.One of the most exciting recent deve...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping remodeling of thalamocortical projections in the living reeler mouse brain by diffusion tractography

Harsan

Dávid

Reisert

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…cytoarchitectonics- brain histology , receptor architectonics- (Zilles and Amunts, 2009), Connectomics (Leergaard et al, 2012), and functional architectonics The first key issue he raised was that the more than 100 years old Brodmann brain map has drawbacks, as it lacks mapping information on 2/3 rd of the human cerebral cortex. The Brodmann model, did not study the intersubject variability of the boundaries and size of cortical areas (Amunts et al, 2000; Zilles and Amunts, 2010).…”

Section: Plenary Sessions (Reported By Olga Beltcheva Geeta Thakumentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected rapporteur summaries from the XX world congress of psychiatric genetics, Hamburg, Germany, october 14–18, 2012

Anderson‐Schmidt

Beltcheva

Brandon

et al. 2013

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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The XXth World Congress of Psychiatric Genetics (WCPG), sponsored by The International Society of Psychiatric Genetics (ISPG) took place in Hamburg, Germany on October 14-18, 2012. Approximately 600 participants gathered to discuss the latest findings in this rapidly advancing field. The following report was written by student travel awardees. Each was assigned sessions as rapporteurs. This manuscript represents topics covered in most, but not all, oral presentations during the conference, and some of the major notable new findings reported at this 2012 WCPG.

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“…However, few models have taken the small-world structure of neural ensembles into consideration. The recently developed methods have provided powerful tools for studying the functional connectivity property of brain networks (Sporns and Zwi 2004;Eldawlatly et al 2009;Partzsch and Schüffny 2012;Leergaard et al 2012). Most of them demonstrated that biological networks presented small-world properties, observed not only in large neural networks with each node representing a cortical area (Sporns and Zwi 2004;Bassett and Bullmore 2006;Kaiser 2008), but also in the local neural networks recorded with microelectrode arrays (Yu et al 2008;Gerhard et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A small-world-based population encoding model of the primary visual cortex

et al. 2015

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A wide range of evidence has shown that information encoding performed by the visual cortex involves complex activities of neuronal populations. However, the effects of the neuronal connectivity structure on the population's encoding performance remain poorly understood. In this paper, a small-world-based population encoding model of the primary visual cortex (V1) is established on the basis of the generalized linear model (GLM) to describe the computation of the neuronal population. The model mainly consists of three sets of filters, including a spatiotemporal stimulus filter, a post-spike history filter, and a set of coupled filters with the coupling neurons organizing as a small-world network. The parameters of the model were fitted with neuronal data of the rat V1 recorded with a micro-electrode array. Compared to the traditional GLM, without considering the small-world structure of the neuronal population, the proposed model was proved to produce more accurate spiking response to grating stimuli and enhance the capability of the neuronal population to carry information. The comparison results proved the validity of the proposed model and further suggest the role of small-world structure in the encoding performance of local populations in V1, which provides new insights for understanding encoding mechanisms of a small scale population in visual system.

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Mapping the Connectome: Multi-Level Analysis of Brain Connectivity

Cited by 69 publications

References 57 publications

Mapping remodeling of thalamocortical projections in the living reeler mouse brain by diffusion tractography

Mapping remodeling of thalamocortical projections in the living reeler mouse brain by diffusion tractography

Selected rapporteur summaries from the XX world congress of psychiatric genetics, Hamburg, Germany, october 14–18, 2012

A small-world-based population encoding model of the primary visual cortex

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