Mapping the architecture of glaciofluvial sediments with three-dimensional georadar

Beres, Milan; Green, A.; Huggenberger, Peter; Horstmeyer, Heinrich

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1087:mtaogs>2.3.co;2

Cited by 118 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…The interpretation of the GPR profiles is based on (i) continuity of the dominant reflectors within and between the profiles, (ii) differences of reflection patterns, and (iii) angular unconformity between the reflectors that can indicate an erosion surface or the superposition of two sedimentary structures with different sedimentary textures (Beres et al, 1995(Beres et al, , 1999. Three GPR profiles image three relatively well-preserved, overlapping trough fill structures that are identified by their erosional lower-bounding surfaces.…”

Section: Ground-penetrating Radar Data Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, coarse, braided river deposits are composed of two main depositional elements, remnants of gravel sheets (Huber and Huggenberger, 2015) and trough fills with clear-cut erosional lower-bounding surfaces (e.g. Siegenthaler and Huggenberger, 1993;Jussel et al, 1994a;Beres et al, 1995Beres et al, , 1999Rauber et al, 1998;Stauffer and Rauber, 1998;Teutsch et al, 1998;Anderson et al, 1999;Klingbeil et al, 1999;Whittaker and Teutsch, 1999;Huggenberger and Regli, 2006;Bayer et al, 2011). The sedimentary structure of the remnants of gravel sheets consists of horizontal to sub-horizontal layers with a poorly sorted gravel texture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subsurface flow mixing in coarse, braided river deposits

Huber

Huggenberger

2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Coarse, braided river deposits show a large hydraulic heterogeneity on the metre scale. One of the main depositional elements found in such deposits is a trough structure filled with layers of bimodal gravel and open-framework gravel, the latter being highly permeable. However, the impact of such trough fills on subsurface flow and advective mixing has not drawn much attention. A geologically realistic model of trough fills is proposed and fitted to a limited number of ground-penetrating radar records surveyed on the river bed of the Tagliamento River (northeast Italy). A steady-state, saturated subsurface flow simulation is performed on the small-scale, high-resolution, synthetic model (size: 75 m × 80 m × 9 m). Advective mixing (i.e. streamline intertwining) is visualised and quantified based on particle tracking. The results indicate strong advective mixing as well as a large flow deviation induced by the asymmetry of the trough fills with regard to the main flow direction. The flow deviation induces a partial, large-scale rotational effect. These findings depict possible advective mixing found in natural environments and can guide the interpretation of ecological processes such as in the hyporheic zone.

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Section: Ground-penetrating Radar Data Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface flow mixing in coarse, braided river deposits

Huber

Huggenberger

2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The maximum size of the summed area depends on the radiation pattem and the area of the first Fresnel zone of the chosen antennas. THE 3-D DATA SET One of our 3-D data sets was acquired from a glaciofluvial environment characterized by braided river deposits (Beres et aL, 1995). By combining information derived from time slices and cross sections it is possible to quickly interpret structural variations with travel time (depth).…”

Section: The Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigations have shown the potential of three dimensional georadar measurements in different applications of near-surface geophysics (Beres et al, 1995;Grasmück and Green, 1996;Grasmück, 1996). Unfortunately, acquiring 3-D georadar data is usually time-consuming and therefore Cost intensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three dimensional georadar acquisition with a real time positioning system

Lehmann

Veen²,

Green³

et al. 1997

3rd EEGS Meeting

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SUMMARYFor efficient acquisition of three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface information, quasi-continuous georadar and coordinate data are recorded simultaneously as the georadar antennas are continuously transported across survey areas. A self-tracking laser theodolite with automatic target recognition capabilities has been adapted to serve as a real-time positioning system for the acquisition of the 3-D data. This surveying system provides complete coordinate information with high accuracy. To take advantage of advanced processing procedures the georadar data must be transferred on to a regular grid. A fast two-dimensional Fourier transform technique has been designed for this task. The system has been tested successfully across a number of geological targets in Switzerland. For example, 3-D georadar data were recently collected and processed across a glaciofluvial environment of 25 m x 25 m within a single day. Using the full 3-D information of the data set, channel sediments as well as surface reflections could be clearly identified with the help of time slices. INTRODUCTIONSeveral investigations have shown the potential of three dimensional georadar measurements in different applications of near-surface geophysics (Beres et al., 1995;Grasmück and Green, 1996;Grasmück, 1996). Unfortunately, acquiring 3-D georadar data is usually time-consuming and therefore Cost intensive. A particularly lengthy operation is the determination of the true coordinates of the georadar antennas. To ensure complete coverage of the investigation area, coordinate information is needed in real-time.A vital component of a newly developed automated acquisition system, which increases significantly the speed of georadar data collection, is a commercially available self-tracking laser theodolite with an automated target recognition capability. The laser theodolite serves as a precise positioning system for the georadar surveys. To take advantage of standard multi-trace processing routines, the 3-D georadar data sets are passed through a modified processing scheme.

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“…Therefore the possibilities offered by the GPR to investigate the subsoil in a non-invasively way, and to obtain 3D maps of the subsurface itself, becomes of crucial importance for geologists. The successful obtained by GPR investigations on sedimentary rock stratigraphy is well documented in literature (Annan and Davis, 1989;van Overmeeren, 1998;Mills and Speece, 1997;Mokma et al, 1990;Nobes et al, 2001;Lapen et al, 1996;Baker, 1991;Beres, et al, 1995;Leucci et al, 2000;Carrozzo et al, 2000;Carrozzo et al, 2003). Since GPR holds enormous potential for such studies, it is appropriate to assess some key considerations for, i) field data acquisition, ii) raw data processing in order to enhance data display, iii) EM wave velocity measurements in order to characterize sediments response and to perform the time to depth conversion, iv) lithological interpretation of the GPR data set.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Penetrating Radar: A Useful Tool for Shallow Subsurface Stratigraphy Characterization

Leucci¹

2012

Stratigraphic Analysis of Layered Deposits

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Mapping the architecture of glaciofluvial sediments with three-dimensional georadar

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

Subsurface flow mixing in coarse, braided river deposits

Subsurface flow mixing in coarse, braided river deposits

Three dimensional georadar acquisition with a real time positioning system

Ground Penetrating Radar: A Useful Tool for Shallow Subsurface Stratigraphy Characterization

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