“…However, races virulent on Yr5 gene have been reported in Australia, India, China, and Turkey ( Wellings and McIntosh, 1990 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ; Tekin et al., 2021 ), and the Yr15 virulence has been documented in Afghanistan ( Gerechter-Amitai et al., 1989 ). Most wheat cultivars that have shown durable resistance to stripe rust have APR or HTAP resistance controlled by variable numbers of genes or QTL ( Lin and Chen, 2007 ; Lin and Chen, 2008b ; Santra et al., 2008 ; Carter et al., 2009 ; Paillard et al., 2012 ; Ren et al., 2012a ; Lu et al., 2014 ; Zhou et al., 2014 ; Dong et al., 2017 ; Feng et al., 2018 ; Liu et al., 2018 ; Liu et al., 2019 ; Liu et al., 2020 ). In order to obtain a high degree of durable resistance, combining the two types of resistance types in the same background is considered a preferred method to improve the resistance to stripe rust in wheat breeding ( Chen, 2007 ; Ren et al., 2012a ; Chen, 2013 ; Liu et al., 2018 ).…”