Mapping ofPosidonia oceanicausing Aerial Photographs and Side Scan Sonar: Application off the Island of Corsica (France)

Pasqualini, Vanina; Pergent-Martinì, Christine; Clabaut, Philippe; Pergent, Gérard

doi:10.1006/ecss.1998.0361

Cited by 180 publications

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“…P. oceanica covers an area in the Mediterranean Sea between 2.5 and 5 million ha (Pasqualini et al 1998). Previous genetic analyses (Waycott & Les 2000) and the fossil record have shown one Australian (P. australis) and one Mediterranean (P. oceanica) species to be genetically distant, which support an early evolutionary separation (Gobert et al 2006).…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evolutionary history of the seagrass genus Posidonia

Aires¹,

Marbà²,

Cunha³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Seagrasses are the structural species of one of the most important coastal ecosystems worldwide and support high levels of biodiversity and biomass production. Posidonia is one of the most ancient seagrass genera and displays a contrasting disjunct biogeographic pattern. It contains one single species in the Northern Hemisphere, P. oceanica, which is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, and has up to 8 recognized taxa in the Southern Hemisphere, which in Australia are divided into 2 complexes, P. ostenfeldii and P. australis. A phylogeny based on a nuclear marker (rRNA-ITS) revealed an ancient split between the northern (i.e. Mediterranean) and southern (i.e. Australian) taxa, followed by a separation of the 2 recognized Australian complexes. However, the species belonging to the P. ostenfeldii complex were indistinguishable, suggesting an ecotypic origin or a recent speciation. Therefore, among the 7 morphologically described Australian species only 4 species lineages can be discriminated. The organelle markers nad 7 intron, trnL-F and mat K/trnK intron were not informative for reconstructing the phylogeny of this genus, and the mitochondrial markers exhibited a strikingly slow evolutionary rate relative to other genome regions.KEY WORDS: Posidonia · Phylogeny · Low evolutionary rates · Ancient diversification Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 421: [117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130] 2011 (Den Hartog 1970). Fossils of Posidonia found in Europe and recorded from the Cretaceous to the Miocene have remained apparently almost unchanged over this long evolutionary history (Den Hartog 1970).Based on ecological, vegetative, reproductive and morphological characteristics, 9 species were initially described with a unique fragmented distribution. Posidonia oceanica is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, whereas the other 8 described species (P. australis, P. sinuosa and P. angustifolia from the P. australis complex and P. coriacea, P. denhartogii, P. kirkmanii, P. ostenfeldii and P. robertsoniae from the P. ostenfeldii complex) are restricted to subtropical and temperate Australian waters (Cambridge & Kuo 1979, Kuo & Cambridge 1984 and are separated by about 17 000 km from their Mediterranean congeneric species. More recently, morphological information combined with allozymes revealed that P. coriacea and P. robertsoniae within the P. ostenfeldii complex are synonyms (Campey et al. 2000) resulting in 7 recognized species in the Australian complexes. Despite the relatively small number of Posidonia species, 3 groups are recognized based on the presence or absence of a primary root in the Australian and Mediterranean species respectively, on the width of their leaf (thicker but stiffer in the P. ostenfeldii complex) and on rhizome features (horizontal/vertical growth) as well as ecological characteristics associated with the 2 Australian groups (P. australis and P. ostenfeldii complexes) (Gobert et al. 2006).Australian...

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Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evolutionary history of the seagrass genus Posidonia

Aires¹,

Marbà²,

Cunha³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Vetter, 1995;Hyndes and Lavery, 2005;Lepoint et al, 2006;Boudouresque et al, 2016) and fuelling the detrital pool (Cebrian, 2002). The endemic and highly productive Neptune grass, Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, covers from 25 to 45.10 3 km 2 and the meadows it forms represent one of the dominant ecosystems found in the coastal Mediterranean (Pasqualini et al, 1998). EMAs formed by P. oceanica dead leaves are ubiquitous features of shallow areas of the Mediterranean Sea (Boudouresque et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal dependence on seagrass detritus and trophic niche partitioning in four copepod eco-morphotypes

et al. 2018

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Benthic copepods dominate meiofaunal communities from marine phytodetritus, both in terms of numerical abundance and species diversity. Nevertheless, ecological factors driving copepod co-existence and population dynamics are still largely unknown. Here, we aimed to explore feeding habits of four copepod species commonly found in Mediterranean seagrass detritus accumulations, representing distinct eco-morphotypes (planktonic, phytal, epibenthic and mesopsammic). Joint use of fatty acid and stable isotope trophic markers showed that co-occurring harpacticoid copepods have diversified diets. Contrary to what was expected, microphytobenthos does not serve as their main food source. Instead, we found evidence from both techniques that major food items include heterotrophic biomass, macro-epiphytes and, depending on eco-morphology and season, of seagrass detritus-derived organic matter. Isotopic niches suggested that eco-morphotypes showed resource segregation. This segregation varies temporally, and partial overlap occurs between niches of phytal and epibenthic eco-morphotypes in some seasons. Our results highlight that, contrary to what is often assumed for meiofaunal consumers, considerable trophic diversity exists among copepod assemblages. They also indicate that, through multiple non-exclusive possible mechanisms, copepods could constitute a major link between seagrass detritus and associated biomass and higher trophic levels (namely macroinvertebrates and juvenile fish).

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“…3). It is noteworthy that the first work undertaken at a large spatial scale was focused on P. oceanica (Pasqualini et al, 1998). When considering study methods, mapping (M) at various spatial scales appears to be the most popular methodology to study seagrass seascapes (40%), followed by quadrat sampling and discrete sampling (Q-DS) techniques, which represent 27% of published works (Fig.…”

Section: Available Literature On Posidonia Oceanica Seascape Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human activities, such as coastal development, trawling, anchoring, fish farms, are well known to directly modify P. oceanica meadow structure at all depths (Boudouresque et al, 2009;Giakoumi et al, 2015), but such effects are less evident within the 35-43 m bathymetric range (Pasqualini et al, 1998). As in the case of naturally-occurring patches of the seagrass, patches resulting from anthropogenic activities can be clearly identified at a large spatial scale according to their size and shape Clabaut et al, 2014;Pasqualini et al, 1999).…”

Section: Available Literature On Posidonia Oceanica Seascape Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seascape ecology in Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows: Linking structure and ecological processes for management

Abadie

Pace

Gobert

et al. 2018

Ecological Indicators

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A B S T R A C TSeagrass meadows constitute marine habitats in shallow water temperate and tropical coastal areas worldwide that have a high ecological and economic importance. Amongst the 60 or so seagrass species, the endemic Mediterranean species Posidonia oceanica forms meadows that are arguably the most important shallow water coastal habitat in the region but which are subjected to high anthropogenic pressures. Because of the relatively large size of the plant, the meadows formed by this seagrass have high architectural and morphological complexity, which results in different morphotypes or seascapes. While numerous studies of P. oceanica architectural characteristics for continuous meadows of the seagrass are available, few works have addressed seascape ecological features and the influence of environmental factors (natural and anthropogenic) thereon. In the present review, we give an overview of P. oceanica meadow architectural and morphological characteristics and how these contribute to Mediterranean landscapes and seascapes. Studies addressing the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on morphometric features of different meadow types and landscape ecological characteristics of P. oceanica habitat are also reviewed, as well as their influence on ecosystem processes. Finally, by considering the available data and tools for seascape studies, we present a discussion on methods to assess seagrass seascapes within the framework of coastal management. Our review highlights several gaps in P. oceanica seascape ecology knowledge such as the lack of data on the spatial distribution of this engineer species, and the possibility to use modern techniques and procedures for analysing structural and ecosystemic data.

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Mapping ofPosidonia oceanicausing Aerial Photographs and Side Scan Sonar: Application off the Island of Corsica (France)

Cited by 180 publications

References 0 publications

Evolutionary history of the seagrass genus Posidonia

Evolutionary history of the seagrass genus Posidonia

Seasonal dependence on seagrass detritus and trophic niche partitioning in four copepod eco-morphotypes

Seascape ecology in Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows: Linking structure and ecological processes for management

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