Mapping of the bovine blood group systems J, N′, R′, and Z show evidence for oligo‐genetic inheritance

Abstract

Genes determining the bovine erythrocyte antigens were mapped by linkage analysis. In total 9591 genotypes of 20 grandsire families with 1074 sires from a grand-daughter design were elucidated for the genes determining the erythrocyte antigens EAA, EAB, EAC, EAF, EAJ, EAL, EAM, EAN', EAR', EAS, EAT', and EAZ according to standard paternity testing procedures in the blood typing laboratories. Linkage analyses were performed with 248 microsatellite markers, eight SSCP markers and four polymorphic proteins and enzymes covering the 29 autosomes and the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes. The number of informative meioses for the blood group systems ranged from 76 to 947. Blood group systems EAM and EAT' were non-informative. Most of the erythrocyte antigen loci showed significant linkage to a single chromosome and were mapped unequivocally. The genes determining erythrocyte antigen EAA, EAB, EAC, EAL, and EAS were mapped to chromosomes 15, 12, 18, 3, and 21, respectively. Lod-score values ranged from 11.43 to 107.83. Moreover, the EAF system could be mapped to chromosome 17. However, the EAN' system previously known as part of the EAF system could be mapped to chromosome 5. In addition, the blood group systems EAJ, the new EAN', EAR', and EAZ, showed significant linkage to microsatellite markers on various chromosomes and also to other blood groups. The appearance of a single blood group system might be therefore either dependent on the existence of other blood group systems or because of an interaction between different loci on various chromosomes as is known in humans and in pigs.

Quantitative trait loci mapping of calving and conformation traits on Bos taurus autosome 18 in the German Holstein population

“…The SNP were genotyped by RFLP analyses or pyrosequencing using the PSQHS 96A pyrosequencing system (Biotage AB, Uppsala, Sweden). The EAC genotypes were determined by routine blood typing laboratories according to standard procedures (Schmid and Buschmann, 1985;Thomsen et al, 2002). All genotypes were checked for Mendelian inheritance and unlikely double recombinants.…”

Genetic relationships among taurine (Bos taurus) and zebu (Bos indicus) populations as revealed by blood groups and blood proteins

“…Zebu and taurine populations were compared on the basis of these protein markers, as a first step of a research project aiming to highlight the genetic basis of hot climate resistance in cattle livestock. The importance of these markers has actually increased because of their recent mapping ( Thomsen et al 2002), which allows their potential use as candidate genes for cattle livestock conservation and genetic improving.…”

Multiple Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping With Cofactors and Application of Alternative Variants of the False Discovery Rate in an Enlarged Granddaughter Design

“…Estimated breeding values were therefore taken from the routine design (Thomsen et al 2000) and a proportion of the French Powerful QTL Analysis in Dairy Cattle sire evaluation and were deregressed as described by Thomsen where yЈ ijk is the adjusted phenotype of progeny i within family j for the chromosome h and the remaining variables are as et al (2001). Note that Thomsen et al (2001) showed the almost equivalency of daughter yield deviations and deredefined in (2). For each candidate chromosome the phenotypes were adjusted separately by setting the regression coeffigressed breeding values for the use in QTL-mapping experiments.…”