Mapping of autosomal male-determining factors of the housefly, Musca domestica L., by means of sex-reversal.

Inoue, Hiroaki; Fukumori, Yasuo; Hiroyoshi, Toshiki

doi:10.1266/jjg.58.451

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…(i) Neither the meiotic drive which produces IIIM-carrying sperms in excess, nor viability selection which favors IIIM/III males, was indicated in the present study. (ii) Mapping of several autosomal M factors in each linkage group using recombination in the F/+ female resulted in no distinctive difference among locations (Inoue et al, 1983;Inoue and Hiroyoshi, 1984;). Thus, whether or not the M factors located in homologous autosomes of independent origins are identical by descent remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Multifactorial sex determination in natural populations of the housefly (Musca domestica) in Japan.

Tomita

Wada

1989

Jpn J Genet.

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Geographic variation in sex-determining factors was studied in 19 localities in Japan between 1981 and 1986. The association of the male-determining factor, M, was demonstrated with all linkage groups, and the most predominant carrier of the M in each locality was either the IIIM or the Y chromosome.The fraction of Y in M-carrying chromosomes was higher in Hokkaido, and declined significantly on moving to the south.The frequency of the females carrying the female-determining factor, F, which is epistatic to the M factor, was sporadically distributed in the populations surveyed. However, male heterogamety was largely retained in the populations in Hokkaido. We present a hypothesis that broadly ranging geographic variation in sex-determining factors reflects a transient state caused by recent invasions of autosomal sex-determining factors. No significant difference in the index combined with segregation rate of the Mcarrying gamete and viability was indicated between the males of X /Y and IIIMIIII.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Multifactorial sex determination in natural populations of the housefly (Musca domestica) in Japan.

Tomita

Wada

1989

Jpn J Genet.

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“…There is the standard XX-XY system in which a dominant male determiner M on the Y chromosome prevents the maternal activation of zygotic tra . However, in natural populations, such M factors can be found on any of the 5 autosomes and even on the X chromosome [Tsukamoto et al, 1980;Franco et al, 1982;Denholm et al, 1983;Inoue et al, 1983;Inoue and Hiroyoshi, 1984]. It is debated whether these male determiners are transposed derivatives of the same gene or whether different genes have acquired the function of a dominant male determiner, of which the primary and sole role is to antagonize the establishment of the tra loop [Bopp, 2010].…”

Section: Evolution Of Sex Determination Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Determination in Insects: Variations on a Common Theme

Bopp

Saccone

Beye

2013

Sex Dev

132

144

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Recent studies in a representative selection of holometabolous insects suggest that, despite diversity at the instructive level, the signal-relaying part of the sex-determining pathway is remarkably well conserved. In principle, it is composed of the transformer gene (tra), which acts as a common binary switch that transduces the selected sexual fate, female when ON, male when OFF, to the downstream effector doublesex(dsx) that controls overt sexual differentiation. An interesting recurrent feature is that tra is switched ON in the early zygote by maternally provisioned tra activity. Different male-determining signals evolved, which prevent maternal activation of zygotic tra to allow for male development. In some species, where lack of maternal activation leaves tra in the OFF state, novel female-determining signals were deployed to activate zygotic tra. It appears that both the instructive end of the pathway upstream of tra as well as the executive end downstream of dsx are primary targets of evolutionary divergence, while the transduction part seems less prone to changes. We propose that this is a feature shared with many other signaling cascades that regulate developmental fates.

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“…In addition, naturally occurring strains exist where the M factor can be located on any of the five autosomes or even on the X chromosome (Denholm et al 1983;Inoue et al 1983). In some populations, all individuals are homozygous for the M factor, and the female fate is determined by the presence of a dominant female determiner F D (McDonald et al 1978).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of the Key Switch F Provides a Basis for Understanding the Rapid Divergence of the Sex-Determining Pathway in the Housefly

et al. 2010

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The housefly, Musca domestica, is an excellent model system to study the diversification of the pathway that specifies the sexual fate. A number of different mechanisms have been described in the housefly, which reflects in part the broad diversity of sex-determining strategies used in insects. In this study we present the molecular identification and characterization of F, which acts as the master switch in the housefly pathway. We provide evidence that F corresponds to the transformer ortholog in Musca (Mdtra), which, as a result of alternative processing, expresses functional products only in individuals committed to the female fate. We demonstrate that, once activated, a self-sustaining feedback loop will maintain the female-promoting functions of Mdtra. Absence of Mdtra transcripts in eggs of Arrhenogenic (Ag) mutant females suggests that maternally deployed Mdtra activity initiates this self-sustaining loop in the zygote. When an M factor is paternally transmitted to the zygote, the establishment of the loop is prevented at an early stage before cellularization and splicing of Mdtra shifts irreversibly to the male nonproductive mode. On the basis of the analysis of two mutant alleles we can explain the different sex-determining systems in the housefly largely as deviations at the level of Mdtra regulation. This plasticity in the housefly pathway may provide a suitable framework to understand the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms in other insect species. For instance, while sex determination in a close relative, the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans, differs at the level of the instructive signal, we find that its tra ortholog, Gmtra, is regulated in a mode similar to that of Mdtra.

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Mapping of autosomal male-determining factors of the housefly, Musca domestica L., by means of sex-reversal.

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Multifactorial sex determination in natural populations of the housefly (Musca domestica) in Japan.

Multifactorial sex determination in natural populations of the housefly (Musca domestica) in Japan.

Sex Determination in Insects: Variations on a Common Theme

Molecular Characterization of the Key Switch F Provides a Basis for Understanding the Rapid Divergence of the Sex-Determining Pathway in the Housefly

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