Mapping NGO Competency to Reduce Human Vulnerability in Post-disaster Communities: Comparing Strategies in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh

Meding, Jason K. von; Oyedele, Lukumon O.; Cleland, David; Spillane, John P.; Konanahalli, Ashwini

doi:10.18848/1447-9508/cgp/v08i11/43066

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In the context of the wider community development literature, the present study supports theoretical frameworks emphasising the importance of accessing local creativity and innovation including through competence-building 44,45 . However, it also indicates the limitations of such frameworks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The local climate change profiles for each of the three municipalities included assessments and/or estimates of the past, current and future climate information. The future climate information was based on fine-scale (~10 km) dynamically downscaled regional climate model projections corresponding to two plausible scenarios of carbon emissions in the 21st century: high emissions continuing (the A2 scenario), as well as emissions plateauing and then falling (the B1 scenario) 45 . These two emissions scenarios were chosen from the suite of scenarios presented in the special report on emissions scenarios (SRES) 46 ; future iterations of the tool could easily accommodate later emissions scenarios.…”

Section: Details Of the Chwra Decision-support Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing rural community health risk assessments for climate change: a Tasmanian pilot study

Bell¹,

Turner

Meinke

et al. 2015

RRH

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Introduction: This article examines the development and pilot implementation of an approach to support local community decision-makers to plan health adaptation responses to climate change. The approach involves health and wellbeing risk assessment supported through the use of an electronic tool. While climate change is a major foreseeable public health threat, the extent to which health services are prepared for, or able to adequately respond to, climate change impact-related risks remains unclear. Building health decision-support mechanisms in order to involve and empower local stakeholders to help create the basis for agreement on these adaptive actions is an important first step. The primary research question was 'What can be learned from pilot implementation of a community health and well-being risk assessment (CHWRA) information technology-based tool designed to support understanding of, and decision-making on, local community challenges and opportunities associated with health risks posed by climate change?' Methods: The article examines the complexity of climate change science to adaptation translational processes, with reference to existing research literature on community development. This is done in the context of addressing human health risks for rural and remote communities in Tasmania, Australia. This process is further examined through the pilot implementation of an electronic tool designed to support the translation of physically based climate change impact information into community-level assessments of health risks and adaptation priorities. The procedural and technical nature of the CHWRA tool is described, and the implications of the data gathered from stakeholder workshops held at three rural Tasmanian local government sites are considered and discussed. Results: Bushfire, depression and waterborne diseases were identified by community stakeholders as being potentially 'catastrophic' health effects 'likely' to 'almost certain' to occur at one or more Tasmanian rural sites -based on an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change style of assessment. Consensus statements from stakeholders also suggested concern with health sector adaptation capacity and community resilience, and what community stakeholders defined as 'last straw' climate effects in already stressed communities. Preventative action and community engagement were also seen as important, especially with regard to managing the ways that climate change can multiply socioeconomic and health outcome inequality. Above all, stakeholder responses emphasised the importance of an applied, complexity-oriented understanding of how climate and climate change impacts affect local communities and local services to compromise the overall quality of human health in these communities. Conclusions: Complex community-level assessments about climate change and related health risks and responses can be captured electronically in ways that offer potentially actionable information about priorities for health sector adaptation, as a first step in planning. ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Details Of the Chwra Decision-support Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing rural community health risk assessments for climate change: a Tasmanian pilot study

Bell¹,

Turner

Meinke

et al. 2015

RRH

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“…In Nigeria, like other developing countries, the impacts of flood disasters on urban residents, their housing and other assets are significant (Ravallion, Chen & Sangraula 2007 ) because of the influence of climatic changes, increase in demographic growth and urbanisation of poverty (UNISDR 2002 , 2015 ; Von Meding et al 2011 ). The continuous exposure of city dwellers to flood and other disaster risks are intensifying urban poverty and their vulnerability (International Federation of the Red Cross-crescent Societies [IFRC] 2010 ).…”

Section: Flood Risk Vulnerability In Ibadanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of human settlements to flood risk in the core area of Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria

Salami¹,

Meding²,

Giggins³

2017

Jàmbá

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Flood disasters continue to wreak havoc on the lives of millions of people worldwide, causing death and massive economic losses. In most African cities, residents and their assets are among the most vulnerable to flood risks in the world. The nature and scale of this urban risk are changing because of the dynamic patterns of land use, unplanned growth and impacts of climate change. Flood risk is the product of the flood hazards, the vulnerability and exposure of the people and their physical environment. In order to minimise flood disaster, there is an urgent need to understand, invest in flood disaster risk reduction for resilience and to enhance disaster preparedness for an effective response as articulated in the recent Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. This research utilises a new proposed flood vulnerability assessment framework for flood risk in a traditional community in the heart of Ibadan metropolis, in the context of their households’ exposure, susceptibility and coping capacity through a well-designed questionnaire survey. The study uses descriptive and inferential statistics techniques to provide a detailed understanding of the vulnerability profiles of the community and the levels of residents’ preparedness to mitigate the flood risk. The results of the statistical analysis show that there is a significant relationship between residents’ flood awareness and having previous flood experience, but there is no significant association between their awareness of risk and the level of preparedness for flooding. To minimise exposure and vulnerability to flood risk, we advocate effective adaptation policies to achieve disaster risk reduction and resilience on flood risk rather than focusing merely on reactive measures after disaster strikes.

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“…We compared the findings elicited from the content analysis (Elo and Kyngäs, 2008;Guthrie et al, 2004) of our interviews with the challenges identified in the literature, then categorized these challenges into seven areas of barriers; economic, political, ethical, community, social, environmental, professional and organizational. "An explanation of these seven categories, and full detail of the data analysis involved can be found in the authors' previously published work" (Von Meding et al, 2009Meding et al, , 2011Meding et al, , 2014. This list is not exhaustive and can be expanded to accommodate more complex conditions with a combination of multiple criteria measurement code that have been embedded in the system prototype.…”

Section: Mapping Barriers In Pdrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competence-based system development for post-disaster project management

Meding

Wong

Kanjanabootra

et al. 2016

Disaster Prevention and Management

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Purpose – One of the key elements contributing to successful post-disaster project teams is individual competence. Each project participant brings his or her own knowledge, experience and ideas to the collective. The kind of chaotic and fragmented environment that is common in post-disaster scenarios presents specific barriers to the success of projects, which can be mitigated by ensuring that staff members possess competencies appropriate for their deployment to particular contexts. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, incorporating unstructured interviews to extract key factors of competence, project barriers and strategy, and a subsequent questionnaire survey, designed to quantify the various elements. Interviews were undertaken and analysed using a cognitive mapping procedure, while survey data were processed using SPSS. The data were then utilized in the development of a software prototype using Design Science Research methodology, capable of modelling the deployment of staff under various disaster scenarios. Findings – Analysis of the survey and cognitive mapping data, in conjunction with relevant established frameworks, has allowed the classification of relevant competency elements. These elements have subsequently been measured and modelled into the competency-based tool and developed into a working prototype. Originality/value – The developed system offers novel disaster competency assessment criteria. The system contains a variety of real-life scenarios derived from extensive data collection. These multi-hazard scenarios are embedded with knowledge and competency valuation criteria that can facilitate actors to assess their team’s knowledge based on selective scenarios. In disaster response, time is a critical element, and this tool assists decision makers. It can enable disaster response actors to evaluate and assemble the appropriate personnel to deploy into disaster areas and into specific types of disaster environment.

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Mapping NGO Competency to Reduce Human Vulnerability in Post-disaster Communities: Comparing Strategies in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Developing rural community health risk assessments for climate change: a Tasmanian pilot study

Developing rural community health risk assessments for climate change: a Tasmanian pilot study

Vulnerability of human settlements to flood risk in the core area of Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria

Competence-based system development for post-disaster project management

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