Mapping Neural Circuit Biotypes to Symptoms and Behavioral Dimensions of Depression and Anxiety

Abstract

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Transcriptional dissection of symptomatic profiles across the brain of men and women with depression

“…Changes in network structures found in specific brain regions may interfere with regional activity and consequently with the functional connectivity of brain networks controlling specific behavioral domains relevant to the expression of each symptom in males and females 7,8 . Here, although we did not empirically confirm the functional roles of our predicted gene networks, converging evidence in mouse models of chronic stress suggest that this may be the case 24,28,53,54 .…”

“…Findings from functional imaging studies have culminated on the creation of different models linking the expression of specific MDD-relevant clinical features with the activity of distinct brain regions and circuits 7,8 . For instance, hyper-connectivity/activation between the default mode network-Negative Affect Sad and Negative Affect Threat networks-and their respective brain regions, has been associated with the expression of rumination 9 , sadness and hopelessness (negative bias) 9,10 and threat dysregulation (scariness and sense of failure) 11,12 , respectively.…”

Neural correlates of anxious distress in depression: A neuroimaging study of reactivity to emotional faces and resting‐state functional connectivity

“…The SN and regions like the putamen and thalamus form a well-connected circuit, integrating sensory information, guiding attention towards motivationally relevant stimuli, and enabling goal-directed behavior, that may be central to a broad range of psychiatric symptoms (Peters et al, 2016). Interestingly, a large recent study suggested SN alterations were associated most consistently with anxious arousal symptoms, but were also related to anhedonia, negative bias, threat dysregulation, and cognitive dyscontrol, suggesting the SN may play a broader role across depression and anxiety symptoms (Goldstein-Piekarski et al, 2021). Of relevance, it is difficult to tease apart anxious depression from depression severity as the two often go hand in hand (e.g., Gaspersz et al, 2017b), as was also the case in the current sample.…”

“…A recent meta-analysis of task-related fMRI studies across mood and anxiety disorders indeed reported overlapping hyperactivation in amygdala and other salience-processing areas during negative affective tasks in mood-and anxiety disorders relative to controls (Janiri et al, 2019). Furthermore, symptoms of anxious avoidance and threat dysregulation were consistently associated with amygdala-insula hypoconnectivity across depression and anxiety samples and controls, and behavioral threat responses to amygdala hyperreactivity to negative emotional faces (Goldstein-Piekarski et al, 2021). Diverging neurobiological correlates of depression and anxiety have also been suggested, such as decreased limbic and striatal connectivity and reactivity in MDD without comorbid anxiety disorders or high levels of anxiety, and increased limbic and striatal connectivity and reactivity in MDD with comorbid anxiety disorders or high levels of anxiety (Oathes et al, 2015;Pannekoek et al, 2015), thought to reflect differential deficits in approach and avoidance behaviors in depression and anxiety (reviewed by Bruder et al, 2017;Williams, 2017).…”

Survivors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Show Neuropsychiatric Sequelae Measured by Surveys, Neurocognitive Testing, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Preliminary Results

“…Pre-processing, Selecting Regions of Interest, and Statistical Analyses Pre-processing and data analyses were performed using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) software (Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology) implemented in MATLAB and FSL 31 following previously established procedures 32,33 . Briefly, pre-processing of functional data included realignment and unwarping, normalization to a standardized template, and smoothing.…”