Mapping multiple photonic qubits into and out of one solid-state atomic ensemble

Usmani, Imam; Afzelius, Mikael; Riedmatten, Hugues de; Gisin, Nicolas

doi:10.1038/ncomms1010

Cited by 218 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A more recent experiment in Tm 3+ :YAG [20] showed improved efficiency of 9%, also with weak coherent states. Finally, storage of 64 weak coherent states encoded in different temporal modes has been achieved in Nd 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 [21], underlying the high multimode capacity of the AFC scheme. In view of these encouraging results in terms of fidelity and multimode storage, it is clear that increasing the efficiency is of great importance, particularly in the perspective of future longdistance quantum repeaters where QM efficiencies of 90% are necessary with the architectures known today [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Towards an efficient atomic frequency comb quantum memory

Amari

Walther

Sabooni

et al. 2010

Journal of Luminescence

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We present an efficient photon-echo experiment based on atomic frequency combs [Phys. Rev. A 79, 052329 (2009)]. Echoes containing an energy of up to 35% of that of the input pulse are observed in a Pr 3+ -doped Y 2 SiO 5 crystal. This material allows for the precise spectral holeburning needed to make a sharp and highly absorbing comb structure. We compare our results with a simple theoretical model with satisfactory agreement. Our results show that atomic frequency combs has the potential for high-efficiency storage of single photons as required in future long-distance communication based on quantum repeaters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Towards an efficient atomic frequency comb quantum memory

Amari

Walther

Sabooni

et al. 2010

Journal of Luminescence

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“…The entanglement distribution rate in these schemes scales linearly with the number of modes used for multiplexing. However, this requires quantum memories that can store large number of modes, which could be encoded in time [10,11], frequency [12], or space [13]. All quantum memory schemes based on atomic ensembles can be used for efficient spatial multimode storage [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards highly multimode optical quantum memory for quantum repeaters

et al. 2016

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Long-distance quantum communication through optical fibers is currently limited to a few hundreds of kilometres due to fiber losses. Quantum repeaters could extend this limit to continental distances. Most approaches to quantum repeaters require highly multimode quantum memories in order to reach high communication rates. The atomic frequency comb memory scheme can in principle achieve high temporal multimode storage, without sacrificing memory efficiency. However, previous demonstrations have been hampered by the difficulty of creating high-resolution atomic combs, which reduces the efficiency for multimode storage. In this article we present a comb preparation method that allows one to increase the multimode capacity for a fixed memory bandwidth. We apply the method to a 151 Eu 3+ -doped Y 2 SiO 5 crystal, in which we demonstrate storage of 100 modes for 51 μs using the AFC echo scheme (a delay-line memory) and storage of 50 modes for 0.541 ms using the AFC spin-wave memory (an on-demand memory). We also briefly discuss the ultimate multimode limit imposed by the optical decoherence rate, for a fixed memory bandwidth.

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“…The first demonstration of a quantum memory operating above the no cloning limit [8], and the first demonstration of storage for over a second [9], were performed in a rare earth doped material. Very large bandwidths [10] and multi-mode capacity [11] have been achieved and the ability to store polarization qubits demonstrated [12][13][14]. Rare earth solids are successful as quantum memories because they combine high spectral and spatial densities with long optical and hyperfine coherence times, properties that are almost unique to rare earth ions amongst all optical centers in solids.…”

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confidence: 99%

Precision Measurement of Electronic Ion-Ion Interactions between NeighboringEu3+Optical Centers

et al. 2013

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We report measurements of discrete excitation-induced frequency shifts on the 7 F 0 ! 5 D 0 transition of the Eu 3þ center in La:Lu:EuCl 3 Á 6D 2 O resulting from the optical excitation of neighboring Eu 3þ ions. Shifts of up to 46:081 AE 0:005 MHz were observed. The magnitude of the interaction between neighboring ions was found to be significantly larger than expected from the electric dipole-dipole mechanism often observed in rare earth systems. We show that a large network of interacting and individually addressable centers can be created by lightly doping crystals otherwise stoichiometric in the optically active rare earth ion, and that this network could be used to implement a quantum processor with more than ten qubits. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.240501 PACS numbers: 03.67.Lx, 42.50.Md, 78.47.nd Rare earth ions in solids are increasingly being utilized in demonstrations of quantum information devices. In particular, a broad range of protocols for realizing memories in these materials have been developed, using controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening [1,2], atomic frequency combs [3,4], rephased amplified spontaneous emission [5] or silencing of a photon echo ([6,7]). The first demonstration of a quantum memory operating above the no cloning limit [8], and the first demonstration of storage for over a second [9], were performed in a rare earth doped material. Very large bandwidths [10] and multi-mode capacity [11] have been achieved and the ability to store polarization qubits demonstrated [12][13][14]. Rare earth solids are successful as quantum memories because they combine high spectral and spatial densities with long optical and hyperfine coherence times, properties that are almost unique to rare earth ions amongst all optical centers in solids.All of the above devices operate on the assumption that the rare earth ions are isolated from one another, interacting only through the optical field. This is a reasonable approximation for the low concentration crystals used for the quantum memory demonstrations to date, but as the rare earth ion concentration is increased to increase memory bandwidths and efficiencies, ion-ion interactions will increasingly become important.Although the interaction between ions is likely to degrade the performance of quantum devices requiring ensembles of isolated optical centers, there has been interest in utilizing electronic ion-ion interactions to perform quantum logic operations [15,16]. The experimental investigations to date have been carried out using an ensemble approach (e.g., Refs. [17][18][19][20]), but recent demonstrations of the detection of single rare earth ion dopants [21,22] has raised the prospect of developing single instance quantum processors based on rare earth ions. Electronic interactions between rare earth ions in crystals are not well characterized. They are studied through two main effects: energy transfer between ions and optical frequency shifts caused by the excitation of nearby ions. Most studies of both these effects have been mad...

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Mapping multiple photonic qubits into and out of one solid-state atomic ensemble

Cited by 218 publications

References 47 publications

Towards an efficient atomic frequency comb quantum memory

Towards an efficient atomic frequency comb quantum memory

Towards highly multimode optical quantum memory for quantum repeaters

Precision Measurement of Electronic Ion-Ion Interactions between NeighboringEu3+Optical Centers

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